El trasplante renal pediátrico es el tratamiento de elección en los niños con enfermedad renal crónica terminal. Muchos agentes se utilizan en dos regímenes de terapia inmunosupresora, primero en una fase de inducción y posteriormente para el mantenimiento. Existen dos estrategias para disminuir el riesgo de rechazo del injerto renal: la primera consiste en suministrar altas dosis de los inmunosupresores convencionales, y la segunda, en la utilización en la fase de inducción de anticuerpos monoclonales o policlonales contra antígenos de los linfocitos T. Los dos anticuerpos policlonales más usados son las globulinas antitimocito de caballo (ATGAM) y de conejo (rATG). Los anticuerpos monoclonales más usados son aquellos contra el receptor de IL-2 (basiliximab y daclizumab) y el dirigido contra el antígeno CD52 (alemtuzumab). La terapia de mantenimiento consiste en un esquema que combina el uso de tres drogas inmunosupresoras convencionales: glucocorticoides, inhibidores de la calcineurina, inhibidores de mTOR y antiproliferativos. Entre las principales complicaciones del trasplante renal pediátrico están: rechazo agudo del injerto, infecciones virales (por poliomavirus-BK y citomegalovirus) y aparición del trastorno linfoproliferativo postrasplante (PTLD, por la sigla en inglés de Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder). PALABRAS CLAVEInmunosupresores; Pediátrico; Rechazo; Trasplante Renal SUMMARY Immunosuppressive drugs and major complications in pediatric renal transplantationPediatric renal transplantation is the treatment of choice in children with chronic kidney disease. Many agents are available for immunosuppressive therapy, which are used in two

Consenso colombiano de expertos sobre recomendaciones informadas en la evidencia para la prevención, diagnóstico...

Background: X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets is a hereditary disease that generates alterations in bone mineral homeostasis. The morbidity of the condition has been variable in previous decades and even contradictory, probably due to the definition of the case and the diagnostic confirmation. Our propose was to generate evidence-informed recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with suspected or diagnosed XLHR. Results: After the screening and selection process for 1041 documents, 38 were included to answer the questions raised by the developer group. 97 recommendations about the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with suspected or diagnosed XLHR were approved by the experts consulted through modified Delphi consensus. The quality of the evidence was low. Conclusions: The recommendations proposed here will allow early and timely diagnosis of X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets, while optimizing resources for its treatment and follow-up and help clarify the burden of disease and improve health outcomes for this population.

Background:X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets is a hereditary disease that generates alterations in bone mineral homeostasis. The morbidity of the condition has been variable in previous decades and even contradictory, probably due to the definition of the case and the diagnostic confirmation. Our propose was to generate evidence-informed recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with suspected or diagnosed XLHR. Results:After the screening and selection process for 1041 documents, 38 were included to answer the questions raised by the developer group. 97 recommendations about the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with suspected or diagnosed XLHR were approved by the experts consulted through modified Delphi consensus. The quality of the evidence was low. Conclusions:The recommendations proposed here will allow early and timely diagnosis of X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets, while optimizing resources for its treatment and follow-up and help clarify the burden of disease and improve health outcomes for this population.