The 2013 curriculum recommends scientific approach in learning and expects students to be skilled in using ICT. The research aim to develop a chemical equilibrium e-module based on scientific approach for XI SMA/ MA class and to determine validity and practicality level. This research is Research and Development (R&D) with 4-D model. Validity test was done by 3 chemistry lecturers at FMIPA UNP, 1 multimedia lecturer at FT UNP, 2 chemistry teachers at SMAN 1 Pariaman and 1 chemistry teacher at SMAN 7 Padang. Practicality test was done by 2 chemistry teachers at SMAN 1 Pariaman, 1 chemistry teacher at SMAN 7 Padang and 30 XII MIPA 7 SMAN 1 Pariaman students. The instrument was validity and practical questionnaire and data was analyzed by Cohen Kappa formula. This study produced a chemical equilibrium e-module based on scientific approach with an average kappa moments 0,81 which is very high level of validity. The results of the teacher practicality test and the students practicality test obtained an average of kappa moments in a sequence of 0,85 and 0,84 with a very high level of practicality
Keywords: e-module, scientific approach, 4-D models, chemical equilibrium
This paper is part of a dissertation study that aims to reveal the level of validity and practicality of guided discovery learning (GDL) model developed for senior high school chemistry learning. This research and development study used 4D instructional design model. Instruments used were observation sheets and questionnaires. The product was validated by 12 experts and tested on 8 chemistry teachers and 96 students in three public senior high schools in Padang, Indonesia in 2016/2017 academic year. Observation results were analyzed by percentage technique while data of validity and practicality of GDL-PK model were analyzed with Cohen’s kappa formula. Analysis showed that the average values of kappa moment (k) were 0.87 for validity test and 0.91 for practicality test belonging to very high degree category. Analysis of observation result showed that the average percentages of model implementation were 94% in SMAN X Padang, 97% in SMAN Y Padang, and 87% in SMAN Z Padang having very high degree category. Results showed that GDL-PK model was valid and practical and could be fully implemented by teachers and students in chemistry learning. Therefore, the developed GDL-PK model was feasible as teachers’ and prospective teachers’ considerations for senior high school chemistry learning.
This descriptive research was done on atomic structure and periodic table topics in SMAN 7 Padang. On these topics, students had difficulties on achieving learning goals where only 38% students could achieve the minimum defined criteria. This research aims to determine percentage of learning difficulties in all learning indicators and find factors that cause learning difficulties. 57 tenth grade students as research sample were obtained through cluster sampling technique. Research instruments used were diagnostic test and questionnaire and data were then analyzed descriptively. Analysis showed that learning difficulties were 91.2%, 13.2%, 88.3%, 51.5%, 70%, 64%, 84%, 84%, and 74.9% in the indicator of describing subatomic particles and their discovery; determining atomic number and mass number of elements and isotopes; describing atomic model according to Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr, and wave mechanics; explaining electron configuration and orbital diagrams; determining quantum number and orbital shape; describing development of periodic system; modern periodic system; periods and groups in periodic table; and periodic trends of elements respectively. Students’ learning difficulties were influenced by school factors including teaching methods 35.8%, curriculum 47.5%, teacher relation with students 49.1 %, relation among students 41.7%, time and school discipline 33.3%, teaching tools 39.4% and school building condition 17.7%.
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