Background: Osteoporosis is one of the most systemic diseases prevalent among the postmenopausal women attributing to the increased risk of occurrence of fractures. Hence, early detection of this disease is of utmost importance which can be determined by concentration of calcium in saliva and radiographically by quantitative radiomorphometric indices like panoramic mandibular Index (PMI).Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the salivary calcium levels and PMI in order to identify the risk group of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.Methods: A case-control study was carried out among 60 female subjects who were equally categorized into two groups. Salivary calcium levels were calorimetrically assessed by spectrophotometry and PMI index was calculated using Digora software from the Digital Panoramic image obtained for individual patient.Results: The results had shown that salivary calcium among the case group was significantly higher than the control group (p value = 0.001) and PMI values among the case group were significantly lower than the control group (p value = 0.001).With the advancing duration of menopause, the salivary calcium levels were increasing and PMI values were found to be decreasing and both were statistically significant.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that both salivary calcium and PMI can certainly be used as screening tools to identify the risk of osteoporosis among postmenopausal women.
The condition myiasis was first described in 1840 by Hope FW. The term myiasis is derived from the Greek word myia meaning fly and asis meaning disease. Herewith, we are reporting a case of oral myiasis wherein a 75 year old female patient with abandoned life and of low socio-economic status presented to with a chief complaint of swelling in the upper lip and bleeding from gums in the upper front tooth region due to worms since 4 days.
Background: Dental caries is one of the most commonly encountered conditions in clinical dentistry and these lesions remain undetected when confined to the vicinity of inter-proximal surfaces. Radiography plays a key role in the detection of inter-proximal caries especially in tight contacts. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of E-speed film, complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) and storage phosphor systems (PSP) in the detection of proximal caries of the posterior teeth. Methods: Conventional films, CMOS and PSP images were used in detecting proximal caries on mesial and distal surfaces of 63 teeth (126 surfaces). Interpretation of all digital and conventional radiographs were performed and reanalyzed by four observers. The collected data was subjected to statistical analysis using chi square test, weighed kappa statistics and spearman rank correlation coefficient. Results: The PSP images showed more accurate results in identifying normal tooth, enamel caries, dentinal caries and deep dental caries and kappa statistics had represented almost perfect reading of 0.8 -0.9 for PSP images whereas CMOS images showed substantial reading of 0.6 -0.7, and for IOPA images it showed moderate reading of 0.5 -0.6, which stated that the higher inter-observer agreement was obtained for PSP images when compared with images taken by IOPA and CMOS. The intra-observer reliability by kappa statistics had shown highly significant value (0.82) in the present study. Conclusion: Conventional films, CMOS and PSP images had shown almost appropriate results in the detection of proximal caries but PSP receptors were better in disclosing the details more accurately in terms of delineating the actual extent of the lesion pertaining to their high resolution capacity and further their flexibility made them easier during handling the radiograph, when compared with that of rigid CMOS receptors.
Aim:-To compare the opinion regarding usage of bisecting-angle technique and the paralleling techniques among BDS students, post graduate students, private practitioners in and around Bhimavaram town for intra oral imaging in dentistry. Materials and methods: A detailed questionnaire composed of questions regarding technical parameters, exposure parameters, operator and patient comfort and image accuracy in diagnosis. Details of the study were explained to the participants preferred option to be marked according to the question mentioned in the questionnaire. Total 500 individuals participated in the present study, with 100 individuals in each group. Data was collected and entered in Microsoft Excel (2010) and statistically analysed using SPSS 20. Chisquare test was used to evaluate differences in the responses with P-value ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Results showed that in technical parameters most of the people opted for bisecting angle technique with p value≤ 0.05 and found as significant. In aspect of exposure parameters, results are in favour of paralleling technique and p value is ≤ 0.05. In aspect of the operator and patient comfort there is an equal opinion most of them opted for bisecting angle technique and paralleling technique p value is significant. In aspect of image accuracy p value is significant for paralleling technique. Conclusion: Great work should have to be done to alleviate the quality of radiographs and the understanding and perspective of dental graduates regarding dental and maxillo-facial radiology. The results of present study revealed though there is knowledge about the techniques, but lack of application decreases their ability to get more accurate diagnostic radiograph. Paralleling technique being the most accurate in image accuracy should be emphasized to practice and needed to be modified in conditions where it is not feasible to deal with.
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