Background: Management of pleural effusions depends on their origin whether exudates or transudates, simple or complicated with septations and pneumonia. A complicated effusion requires longer treatment. This study was carried out to find out types of effusion and their etiology.Methods: A Prospective study of 34 patients was analyzed for clinical and laboratory profile, origin and type of fluid, etiology of pleural effusion in pediatric patients.Results: Majority of the patients were in 6-11 years age group. Fever and cough were most common clinical symptoms in all type of effusion. Parapneumonic effusion was most common type of effusion followed by tuberculosis and empyema. Almost all exudates satisfied Lights criteria.Conclusions: Pleural effusions are mostly exudative in origin in pediatric age and are associated with consolidation and septations especially in empyema. In tubercular Pleural effusion, Sputum for AFB was positive in more number of patients as compared to CBNAAT in this study.
Objective: To find effect of noise intensity on heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation in late preterm and term newborns in a tertiary care hospital.Method: A controlled prospective study was carried out on 100 preterm and term newborns in the Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research during a 3 month period. Newborns were exposed to white noise of different intensities for 5 seconds and vital parameters were recorded. A statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 16.0.
Results:Out of the 100 newborns, 65 were term and 35 were late preterm (34-36 weeks). Male to female ratio was 51:49. Heart rate increased significantly (p<0.01) to all levels of noise exposure i.e. from 60-70 dB and 80-90 dB in both groups. Oxygen saturation decreased as the noise intensity increased in both groups but only significantly (p<0.05) in high noise intensity of 80-90 dB whereas, there was no effect on the respiratory rate and by gender.
Conclusions:A 5 second white noise has a variable effect on the vital parameters of newborns; it accelerates heart rate and decreases oxygen saturation but has no effect on respiratory rate and gender.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.