SUMMARYIn this paper, a generalized robust H 1 filtering method is proposed for a class of singular Markovian jump systems, whose generality is mainly embodied that the desired filter could bear perturbances in terms of uncertainties on its parameter matrices. Firstly, an LMI condition of robust mode-dependent filter is developed. Based on the given result, a new approach to mode-independent H 1 filter is presented, which establishes a direct connection between mode-dependent and mode-independent filters. Secondly, when the transition rate matrix is with elementwise bounded uncertainties or partially unknown, sufficient conditions of such robust mode-dependent and mode-independent filters are all developed within LMI frameworks. Finally, a numerical example is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Copyright

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This study investigated the residues of antibiotics present in the Yellow River and its tributaries. Ofloxacin, norfloxacin, roxithromycin, erythromycin, and sulfamethoxazole, were found in the river with mean concentrations from 25 to 152 ng/L, and in certain tributaries from 44 to 240 ng/L. The other four analytes were all below the limits of quantification. The results indicated that the detected antibiotics in the middle and lower Yellow River were primarily from its tributaries and ambient wastewater discharge. The concentrations of the antibiotics detected in the river were greater than that in other rivers in Europe. The antibiotics in the river and its tributaries at ng/L concentrations found in this study are unlikely to induce lethal toxicity to aquatic organism but could cause chronic ecological effects. Water Environ. Res., 81, 248 (2009).

To assess the effect of addition of probiotics and carbon source on the microbial community structure within the shrimp culture, an enclosure system simulating a high density, intensive aquaculture of Litopenaeus vannamei was set up in Dianbai, Maoming, Guangdong province, China. The phylogenetic profiles of microbial communities in the enclosure system after addition of Bacillus and molasses were studied in the middle and final culture season (on the 45th, 75th and 95th day) using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. A total of four groups, each containing a triplicate were set up: Group A (control), Group B (64% of daily feed was provided as molasses with Bacillus sp.), Group C (50% of daily feed amount provided as molasses with Bacillus sp.) and Group D (64% of daily feed amount as molasses alone). The results showed that a-Proteobacteria, d-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacteria. Moreover, the relative proportion of a-Proteobacteria increased and that of Bacteroidetes decreased gradually with time. Pathogenic Flexibacter was the dominant genus in Group A on the 45th day, while the functional strains (Sphingomonas sp., Erythrobacter sp., Roseobacter sp., and Rhodobacter sp.) were detected multiple times in Groups B and C. Bacillus sp. was the cultivable, dominant bacterium in Groups B and C on the 95th day. Therefore, the combined use of Bacillus and molasses helped increase diversity of the microbial community, effectively inhibit pathogens, and promote the formation and development of a beneficial microbial community structure in the high density, intensive aquaculture of L. vannamei.

Summary This paper considers the stabilization problem for a class of discrete‐time delayed systems by exploiting a partially delay‐dependent controller whose gains suffer a disordering phenomenon simultaneously. Two stochastic variables are used to describe the partially delay‐dependent and disordering properties, which are not independent, and referred to the original operation modes here. By introducing an augmented Markov chain, the corresponding closed‐loop system is transformed into a Markovian jump system with four new operation modes (NOMs). Based on the proposed model, a kind of controller depending on NOMs is firstly proposed with linear matrix inequalities forms. Moreover, without designing a controller containing NOMs directly, another kind of stabilizing controller referring to one depending on original operation modes is developed, which is composed of a series of NOM‐dependent controllers and satisfies a minimum variance approximation. Finally, two numerical examples are used to demonstrate the utility and superiority of the proposed methods. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

White shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) was fed six different formulations of medicinal herbs (MH) and Bacillus in a feeding trial conducted for 56 days. The survival, growth, digestive enzyme activity, and serum biochemical parameters were assessed. A basal diet without MH and Bacillus was served as the control. At the end of feeding trial, survival ranged from 76.19% to 84.76% with no significant differences (P [ 0.05) among all groups. Growth measured as final weight, specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein productive value (PPV), and feed efficiency ratio (FER) were improved with increased dietary MH and Bacillus. Shrimp fed 0.2% MH and 0.3% Bacillus (Diet 23) were found to have the best growth performance. For shrimp fed Diet 23 final weight and SGR were significantly (P \ 0.05) higher than for controls. The digestive enzyme activity of protease and amylase in hepatopancreas and intestines were significantly (P \ 0.05) enhanced by the feed supplements, however amylase of the hepatopancreas was not affected. Serum protein and glucose content were enhanced by the supplement of MH and Bacillus. Serum cholesterol in shrimp of high Bacillus level groups was significantly (P \ 0.05) higher than in the control group. However, no significant difference (P [ 0.05) in serum Triacylglycerols between supplemented groups and control was found. Results revealed that the combined MH and Bacillus in diet could enhance growth because it can improve digestive enzyme activity and digestive metabolism.

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