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Crayfish, carp, and crab threaten the consumer’s health due to the enrichment of the toxic elements. The concentration of the toxic elements (As, Cr, Cd, and Pb) in these aquatics was less investigated simultaneously in situ. In this study, the toxic elements in these aquatics from the same site of Hanchuan, Hubei Province, China were measured by ICP-MS to assess the enrichment of the four toxic elements in them and the health risk to the consumer. The results showed that the concentrations of these elements in muscle were lower than those in hepatopancreas/ liver, except for Cr in crayfish. Furthermore, the concentrations of Cd in the hepatopancreas of crayfish and crab exceeded the standards of China and the European Union. Accordingly, the hepatopancreas of crayfish and crab are not recommended for consumption. The estimated daily intake of these elements in the muscle of crayfish, carp, and crab did not exceed the provisional tolerable daily intakes, the corresponding target hazard quotient (THQ), and the cancer risk (CR) values for As were lower than 1 and 1 × 10–6, respectively. However, the accumulated consumption of the muscle of the three freshwater catches could result in a significant increase in the total THQ value. The total ingestion of the muscle of these catches should be limited. Collectively, these findings may renew interest in food safety and the health risk to humans owing to the consumption of freshwater catches.

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is a common cause of cancer-relevant deaths globally. This study is designed to delve into expressions, biological functions and molecular mechanisms of circ_0000515 in BC. Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was accomplished to examine circ_0000515, miR-542-3p and integrin-linked kinase (ILK) mRNA expressions in BC tissues and cell lines. In RT-4 and RT-112 cells with circ_0000515 depletion and UMUC3 and BIU-87 cells with this circ RNA overexpression, a cell counting kit-8 assay was adopted to monitor the viability. Besides, transwell assay was conducted to detect cell migration and aggressiveness, and luciferase reporter gene assay was applied to probe the interplay among circ_0000515, miR-542-3p and ILK mRNA. Additionally, Besides, the regulatory function of circ_0000515 on miR-542-3p expression was under the assay of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot was fulfilled to determine the regulative function of circ_0000515/miR-542-3p axis on ILK protein expressions. A xenograft animal was modeled to examine lung metastasis in vivo . Results: Circ_0000515 and ILK expressions were significantly elevated in BC tissues and cell lines, while that of miR-542-3p was dramatically suppressed. Knocking down circ_0000515 could significantly repress the growth, migration and aggressiveness of BC cells while overexpression of circ_0000515 showed opposite effects. Moreover, circ_0000515 knockdown inhibited pulmonary metastasis in vivo . Circ_0000515 was validated to adsorb miR-542-3p, and ILK was testified as the downriver target of miR-542-3p. Circ_0000515 could ascend ILK expression through repressing that of miR-542-3p. Conclusions: Circ_0000515, as a tumor promoter, strengthens the viability, migration and aggressiveness of BC cells via modulating miR-542-3p/ILK axis.

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BackgroundRed swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is one of the important aquatic foods for human. Trace elements are indispensable for human to maintain health. They could be enriched by crayfish lived in benthic habitat. However, the trace essential element in crayfish was less reported. In this study, we investigated the trace elements of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Se accumulation in red swamp crayfish.MethodsFifteen crayfishes in average, three samples of sediments and water were respectively collected in each location of the fifteen villages located on Hubei and Hunan province of China. Besides, fifteen individuals for red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), variegated carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and hairy crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) were respectively collected in the village of Zhutong of Hubei province in China. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to perform the examination of trace elements. SPSS software and Duncan test were employed to conduct statistical analysis, respectively.ResultsThe concentrations of the five elements were highest in haptopancreas, but two of them (Fe and Mn) were lowest in abdominal muscle. The concentration of Cu, Zn and Se in abdominal muscle was higher than those in exoskeleton. The concentrations of Cu and Se in abdominal muscle of crayfish from Ensi region was highest comparing to the other three regions. There was a highly significant positive correlation for the concentrations of Cu and Se between crayfish and environment. In addition, we found crayfish could specifically enrich Se element. The similar situations were also found in the two investigated freshwater animals variegated carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and hairy crabs (Eriocheir sinensis).ConclusionThe five essential elements were enriched in the abdominal muscle of crayfish, but no excess threshold of food safety standard. The supplement of selenium for human could be realized by consuming crayfish and other freshwater animals.