Immunogenicity and safety of the human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine were evaluated in healthy Chinese females aged 9–45 years in 2 phase IIIB, randomized, controlled trials. Girls aged 9–17 years (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00996125) received vaccine (n = 374) or control (n = 376) and women aged 26–45 years (NCT01277042) received vaccine (n = 606) or control (n = 606) at months 0, 1, and 6. The primary objective was to show non-inferiority of anti-HPV-16 and -18 immune responses in initially seronegative subjects at month 7, compared with Chinese women aged 18–25 years enrolled in a separate phase II/III trial (NCT00779766). Secondary objectives were to describe the anti-HPV-16 and -18 immune response, reactogenicity and safety. At month 7, immune responses were non-inferior for girls (9–17 years) vs. young women (18–25 years): the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the geometric mean titer (GMT) ratio (women/girls) was below the limit of 2 for both anti-HPV-16 (0.37 [95% CI: 0.32, 0.43]) and anti-HPV-18 (0.42 [0.36, 0.49]). Immune responses at month 7 were also non-inferior for 26–45 year-old women vs. 18–25 year-old women: the upper limit of the 95% CI for the difference in seroconversion (18–25 minus 26–45) was below the limit of 5% for both anti-HPV-16 (0.00% [–1.53, 1.10]) and anti-HPV-18 (0.21% [–1.36, 1.68]). GMTs were 2- to 3-fold higher in girls (9–17 years) as compared with young women (18–25 years). The HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine had an acceptable safety profile when administered to healthy Chinese females aged 9–45 years.

Tandospirone is effective and can be combined with pinaverium in IBS-D patients with anxiety.

The prevalence of SSAs in a subset of the Chinese population is much lower than that in the Western population. BRAF((V600E)) mutation is not a frequent event in right colon serrated polyps in a subset of the Chinese population. APC mutation is possibly the main cause for the Wnt signalling activation in right colon serrated polyps.

SUMMARYRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints. The neurogenic inflammatory mechanism plays an important role in the inflammatory process of RA, and pathological changes in neural tissues in RA have also been noted. We aim to investigate treatment of the nervous system to relieve joint pain and inflammation in RA. Nerve mobilization, a nervous system-specific therapeutic exercise, was applied on RA patients to determine the effect of nerve mobilization on joint inflammation. Twelve RA patients were recruited from the community and were randomised into an experimental and a control group. In the experimental group, the subjects were taught a set of nerve mobilization exercises while the subjects in the control group were taught a set of gentle joint mobilization exercises. Both groups were instructed to practice the exercises daily. After a 4-week period, their RA pain scale (RAPS) and pain scores were examined, as well as the C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Subjects in the experimental group showed improvements in RAPS and pain scores after 4 weeks of nerve mobilization exercises, while CRP and ESR values remained unaffected. These preliminary data showed that nerve mobilization exercises might be beneficial in controlling joint pain in RA patients. Reumatismo, 2017; 69 (3): 111-118 n INTRODUCTION R heumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most prevalent chronic autoimmune diseases. The symptoms of RA are characterized by joint inflammation and deformities that are associated with pain and functional disability (1). The aetiology of RA remains unclear, but an increasing number of investigations have provided evidence that disease perpetuation could be due to a mixture of both immunogenic (1) and neurogenic (2, 3) inflammation. The mechanism of neurogenic inflammation has been described as an inflammation that is initiated by the nervous system (4-6). The neurogenic inflammation is triggered in the tissues by the cutaneous nerves (4, 7-10). The evidence of neurogenic inflammation in RA is supported by a small but significant number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive sympathetic nerve fibres, which have a negative correlation with the inflammation index, a large number of substance P-positive nerve fibres (11) and immunoreactive sensory nerve fibres with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) (12). The current treatment algorithms for RA involve the use of both traditional and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) to control the disease (13). Physical treatments are also beneficial for patients to optimize physical functions, decreasing pain and improving quality of life (14-16). A paradigm is named as neurodynamic, which is a series of movements that produce physiological and mechanical events in the nervous system. They are used in physical testing to gain a response to the mechanical performance and sensitivity of the nervous sys- Key words: CRP; ESR; Nerve mobilisation; Neurogenic inflammation...