In this report, multiple abnormalities (bilateral ovarian cysts, cystic endometrial hyperplasia and pyometra (CEH-P), mammary adenoma, fibrosarcoma and cystic-papillary adenocarcinoma) identified in a queen continually administered medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for 9 years are described. An 11-year-old domestic shorthair intact queen was presented for reduced appetite, polyuria, polydipsia, abdominal distension, and mammary mass. Pyometra was diagnosed based upon clinical, ultrasonographic and radiographic examinations. Mastectomy and ovariohysterectomy (OHE) were performed for treatment. Bilateral ovarian cysts were detected during OHE. Histopathologically, follicular ovarian cysts, CEH-P, and benign and neoplastic mammary lesions were identified. We suggest that, the pathological abnormalities may have been attributed to adverse effects of prolonged administration of MPA.

Summary Objective: The aim of this study was to determine reference values for pelvic dimensions in radiographically unremarkable native Turkish cats (similar to European Shorthair cats) and to evaluate radiographic findings of the pelvis in cats with dystocia and to compare their pelvimetric measurements with those of radiographically unremarkable cats. Material and methods: Pelvimetry was performed on ventro-dorsal and lateral radiographs of radiographically unremarkable male (n = 34) and female cats (n = 23) with no history of dystocia and cats presented with dystocia. Cats with dystocia were classified in groups according to radiographical findings: cats without obvious radiographical changes, cats with traumatic pelvic stenosis and cats with pelvic narrowing due to metabolic disease. Statistical analyses were performed to find out significant differences between both groups with respect to gender and age. Results: Pelvic dimensions of radiographically unremarkable cats are greater in males compared to females. These differences increase with increasing age, but are not significant in cats older than 2 years. Twenty-five out of 37 queens presented with dystocia had significantly smaller pelvic dimensions compared to radiographically unremarkable queens. Deformation/narrowing of the pelvis in 12 cats (32%) due to old fractures and metabolic bone disease occurred in 7 and 5 cases, respectively. Conclusion: Old, untreated pelvic fractures and metabolic disorders may cause stenosis of the birth canal and dystocia. However, there is a high rate of queens without deformation, but smaller pelvic dimension experiencing dystocia. As 80% of these cats are around 1 year of age they might still be growing or are underdeveloped, despite pelvic physeal growth plates are already closed. Clinical relevance: Pelvic radiographs and pelvimetry before mating enables to identify cats with pelvic narrowing due to traumatic, metabolic, or developmental reasons and may prevent the queen from potential dystocia.

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A female, dystocic, two-headed dead lamb from a 3-year old Sakiz sheep is described. The two faces of the foetus fused at occipital, partly parietal and temporal bones on a single trunk. On each face there were two eyes, one ear and one normally developed oral cavity with only one laryngopharynx and oesophagus. A fl accid, hyperemic, membrane-like tissue protruded from the defective frontal and parietal bones. There were no other skeletal abnormalities but incomplete costal articulation. Microscopic examination of the membranous tissue revealed mostly autolytic neurons. Since diprosopus cases with defective skull development and meningoencephalocele are rare events, this case was evaluated for presentation. Keywords: Diprosopus, Lamb, Meningoencephalocele, Tetraophthalmus Bir Kuzuda Nadir Rastlanan Diprosopus, Tetraophthalmus ve Meningoensefalosel Olgusu ÖzetÜç yaşlı Sakız ırkı bir koyundan güç doğumla doğan iki yüzlü, ölü, dişi bir kuzu tanımlandı. İki yüz tek bir gövde üzerine oturmuş, oksipital bölge ile kısmen parietal ve temporal bölgelerden kaynaşmıştı. Her iki yüzde iki göz, birer kulak, normal gelişmiş ağız boşluğu ancak tek bir laringofarinks ve özofagus vardı. Hiperemik ve gevşek zar benzeri bir doku hatalı şekillenmiş frontal ve parietal kemiklerden dışarı çıkmıştı. Kosta kondral eklemler gelişmemişti; başka bir iskelet anomalisi görülmedi. Zarsal dokunun mikroskobik muayenesinde çoğunlukla otolitik nöronlara rastlandı. Yetersiz kafatası gelişimi, meningoensefalosel ile beraber olan ve nadir karşılaşılan diprosopus olgusundan dolayı, bu olgunun sunumu yapıldı.