Pathological abnormalities after long-term administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate in a queen

Keskin, Ahmet; Yilmazbaş, Gülnaz; Yılmaz, Remzi; Özyiğit, M. Özgür; Gümen, Ahmet

doi:10.1016/j.jfms.2008.10.006

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Values have been reported for the mean thickness of the uterus and uterine walls on various days postpartum . Information is also available on the ultrasonographic appearance of pathological conditions . Feline ovaries can also be imaged, and are hypoechoic oval structures located caudolaterally to the respective kidneys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Digital Radiography, Ultrasonography, and Positive Contrast Vaginourethrography for Determining Reproductive Status of Female Cats

Woodland

Pack

Rist

et al. 2013

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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It is not always possible to identify female cats that have undergone previous ovariohysterectomy based on physical examination alone. An easy, cost-effective method for screening female cats for reproductive status would be helpful for avoiding unnecessary exploratory laparotomies. The purpose of this prospective study was to compare diagnostic sensitivities of digital radiography, ultrasonography, and positive contrast vaginourethrography for determining reproductive status in female cats. Sixty-seven recently euthanized female cats of unknown medical history and reproductive status were randomly selected and included in the study. Digital abdominal radiography, digital abdominal radiography with compression, abdominal ultrasonography, and positive contrast vaginourethrography were performed in sequence by a board-certified veterinary radiologist and a second-year radiology resident. Immediately following diagnostic imaging procedures, necropsy was performed. Ultrasonography of the uterus had the highest sensitivity (86%) for determining reproductive status of all the imaging modalities tested. The specificity was 88%, and the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 96% and 68%, respectively. The calculated sensitivities and specificities of other modalities were as follows: digital radiographs (28%, 100%), digital compression radiographs (58%, 100%), and vaginourethrography (32%, 100%). Based on McNemar's test statistic, there was a significant difference in the sensitivity of ultrasound compared to digital radiographs (P ≤ 0.05), compression radiographs (P ≤ 0.05), and vaginourethrogram (P ≤ 0.05). Findings from the current study indicated that ultrasonography is a sensitive diagnostic test for determining reproductive status in female cats. Although more readily available in private practice and shelters, digital radiography and vaginourethrography are not reliable predictors of reproductive status.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Digital Radiography, Ultrasonography, and Positive Contrast Vaginourethrography for Determining Reproductive Status of Female Cats

Woodland

Pack

Rist

et al. 2013

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…The prevalence of feline CEH-Pyo complex increases with age and is considered a common condition in cats older than 5 years of age and in cats receiving exogenous progestogens [1,3,5,[29][30][31][32]. Age effects in CEH-Pyo complex are associated to a cumulative effect of repeated hormonal stimulation in subsequent estrous cycles.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra (CEH-Pyo) complex is the most frequent and important uterine disorder in queens [1][2][3][4][5]. Ovarian hormones are considered the main factors in CEH-Pyo complex development, and progesterone is considered the principal component in its pathogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The factors involved in the development of feline endometrial adenocarcinomas (FEA) are still unclear. However, it seems probable that the endogenous or exogenous ovarian steroid hormones that are associated with CEH and pyometra development might also influence endometrial carcinogenesis and tumor progression [1,2,12,17,18]. Moreover, one could also hypothesize that the feline uterus reacts to any irritative stimulus by enhancing the inflammatory response, like it happens in dogs, which would lead to pyometra [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proliferative Endometrial Lesions Hidden behind the Feline Pyometra

Pires¹,

Vilhena²,

Miranda³

et al. 2016

Insights From Animal Reproduction

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The literature refers to pyometra as the most important pathology in the feline uterus, which is often associated with cystic endometrial disease cystic endometrial hyperplasia/ pyometra complex or CEH-Pyo . The etiology of pyometra is complex and probably multifactorial, but hormonal influences are suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis. Progestagen-based contraceptives may be risk factors for the CEH-Pyo syndrome, for endometrial adenocarcinoma and also to mammary tumors in this species.The histopathological descriptions of pyometra include an enlarged uterus containing purulent fluid, variable endometrial infiltration of neutrophils and bacterial colonization. The degree of hyperplasia of endometrial glands is variable, and frequently the endometrium becomes atrophic. The severity of endometritis is variable. Thereby, the type of inflammatory cells infiltrating the uterine wall or lumen varies accordingly and may include neutrophils, macrophages, plasma cells and lymphocytes.The clinical diagnosis of pyometra is often based on the clinical signs and the physical examination, supported by ultrasound findings. The surgical excision of the uterus is the recommended treatment when the animal is not intent for breeding, as most pyometra clinical signs resolve after ovariohysterectomy.Nevertheless, our clinical practice demonstrated that, in cats, pyometra often masks other uterine conditions that may present a worst prognosis and may interfere with the expected outcome. Thus, although seldom requested, the pathological analysis of the uterus with pyometra should be performed following surgery, even if significant macroscopic alterations are not visible, as one frequent finding in pyometra specimens is the co-existence of feline endometrial adenocarcinoma FE" . FE" is usually described as a rare pathology in cats, but recent descriptions suggest that it may be more frequent than thought. Some morphological and clinical features of FE", as well as molecular markers, have been recently described. Moreover, age is not an adequate factor for triage, since some FE" cases were described in young animals, prompting pathologists, clinicians and researchers into this new reality.© 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Therefore, this chapter proposes to highlight aspects that reinforce the need for careful observation of all the cases of CEH-Pyo, to exclude the co-existence of FE" that can worsen the prognosis.Keywords: Cat, cystic hyperplasia, endometrial adenocarcinoma, pyometra, queen . IntroductionThe cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra CEH-Pyo complex is the most frequent and important uterine disorder in queens [ ]. Ovarian hormones are considered the main factors in CEH-Pyo complex development, and progesterone is considered the principa...

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“…A HEC é comum em gatas nulíparas acima de três anos de idade, sendo mais encontrada em gatas acima de cinco anos (JOHNSON, 1994), e pode predispor ao desenvolvimento de endometrite e piometra (GIL DA COSTA et al, 2009). Entre as desordens uterinas que acometem gatas domésticas, a piometra é a mais relatada e ocorre durante ou após o diestro e em animais submetidos à aplicação de hormônios esteróides e derivados sintéticos, principalmente progestágenos (KESKIN et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Citologia e histologia endometrial em gatas clinicamente saudáveis

Silva

Santos

et al. 2015

Biosci. J.

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RESUMO:Com objetivo de estabelecer valores de referência para a citologia endometrial e avaliar histologicamente o endométrio de gatas clinicamente saudáveis e sem patologias uterinas, foram coletados 22 úteros de gatas que passaram por ovariohisterectomia eletiva. Após avaliação macroscópica dos úteros, coletou-se amostra para citologia endometrial pela técnica de escova endometrial (cytobrush) e fragmento para avaliação histológica. Quanto à apresentação das glândulas endometriais, 31,8% (7/22) das gatas apresentaram lâmina própria com poucas camadas de glândulas tubulares simples, revestidas por epitélio simples cúbico ou cilíndrico baixo, com diâmetro reduzido e sem secreção no seu lúmen. Proliferação glandular com algumas glândulas apresentando conteúdo no lúmen foi observada em 36,4% (8/22) dos animais. Presença de intensa proliferação glandular com glândulas revestidas por epitélio simples pavimentoso, a maioria com atividade secretora, foi observada em 31,8% (7/22) das gatas, sendo que em cinco destas verificou-se aparência cística com pronunciada dilatação glandular. A citologia endometrial, na leitura de 200 células, obteve os seguintes resultados: neutrófilos (10,77 ± 7,51), eosinófilos (1,93 ± 2,67), basófilos (0), linfócitos (6,58 ± 8,49), macrófagos (0,79 ± 2,05) e células de descamação (79,93 ± 11,44). Concluiu-se que em gatas clinicamente saudáveis há maior proporção de leucócitos na citologia endometrial quando comparado com outras espécies, mesmo quando não se evidencia inflamação na avaliação histológica. A colheita de material para citologia endometrial pela técnica de cytobrush apresenta celularidade satisfatória e sem presença de debris celulares em gatas.

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Pathological abnormalities after long-term administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate in a queen

Cited by 30 publications

References 4 publications

Comparison of Digital Radiography, Ultrasonography, and Positive Contrast Vaginourethrography for Determining Reproductive Status of Female Cats

Comparison of Digital Radiography, Ultrasonography, and Positive Contrast Vaginourethrography for Determining Reproductive Status of Female Cats

Proliferative Endometrial Lesions Hidden behind the Feline Pyometra

Citologia e histologia endometrial em gatas clinicamente saudáveis

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