This article discussed the specifics of the translation of comparative constructions in literature from Tatar into Russian. It also suggested methods for the full-fledged translation of such constructions according to semantics and functional features of conjunctions. Postpositions were the main method to represent comparative constructions in simple and complex sentences in Tatar. Conjunctions, the instrumental case of the noun and other means, could further express the meanings of such postpositions when translated into Russian. The analysis of translation of comparative constructions helped to identify the integral and the differential in the semantics and functioning of the conjunctions, which not only connected the components of the comparative constructions, but also created imagery. Using comparative constructions, writers and translators could refer both to the general concepts inherent in their native culture, and to their personal worldview. This seemed possible only with a preliminary comparative analysis of the semantics and the structure of lexical units. Analyzing the translations of literary texts, some functional and semantic correspondences were revealed: comparative postpositions such as kebek, syman, kuk, etc. and Russian comparative conjunctions such as As if for sure, etc. (Eng. like, as if, kind of); relative pair words in Tatar and correlative pairs in Russian; affixes of adverbs such as -cha/-che, -day/- dey in Tatar and the instrumental case of the noun in Russian.
In the contemporary Tatar linguistics, a great interest is shown to consideration of the language as a unique cultural code of certain linguistic-cultural communities. Application of phraseological collocations that have an immediate lexical equivalent in the language in the Tatar poetry may be contextually distributed with the same adverb as their lexical equivalents. It does not add anything new to the meaning of the collocation itself, but such expansion of the boundaries of the fixed collocation may still leave its mark for the meaning in the particular context by introducing new additional shades of meaning that do not exist in its commonlanguage variant.In this paper, an attempt is made to disclose the national uniqueness of emotional experiences of the Tatar people by basing on such general scientific research methods as induction, deduction, observation, analysis and synthesis of the empirical material. Phraseological units of the Tatar language with emotionally colored components were analyzed, which makes it possible to generalize and to assess the representation of the view of the world of the Tatar people. It is proven with results of this research that the humans in the Tatar linguistic view of the world, same as in the Oriental linguistic culture, their emotions and speech aspire to be in harmony by mutually complementing each other. A serious effect of Islamic traditions is observed in the lifestyle, household, and emotions of the Tatars. Relevance. Based on comprehensive analysis of phraseological units, the national uniqueness of the world outlook is revealed, methods of nomination and sectioning of the emotional world are demonstrated, as well as the representation of the image of the human in the phraseology of the Tatar language. The results obtained in the course of the research provide the opportunity to represent the relevance for the common theory of the linguistics.
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