Colistin-induced renal toxicity may be attributable to oxidative damage. The combined treatment of colistin plus NAC seems to have a beneficial role in restoration of the oxidant injury which may be related to its antioxidant effect.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a novel hydroxyapatite containing gelatin scaffold--with and without local vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) administration--as the synthetic graft material in treatment of critical-sized bone defects. An experimental nonunion model was established by creating critical-sized (10 mm. in length) bone defects in the proximal tibiae of 30 skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits. Following tibial intramedullary fixation, the rabbits were grouped into three: The defects were left empty in the first (control) group, the defects were grafted with synthetic scaffolds in the second group, and synthetic scaffolds loaded with VEGF were administered at bone defects in the third group. Five rabbits in each group were killed on 6th and 12th weeks, and new bone growth was assessed radiologically, histologically and with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). At 6 weeks, VEGF-administered group had significantly better scores than the other two groups. The second group also had significantly better scores than the control group. At 12 weeks, while no significant difference was noted between the second and third groups, these two groups both had significantly better scores in all criteria compared with the control group. There were no signs of complete fracture healing in the control group. The administration of hydroxyapatite containing gelatin scaffold yielded favorable results in grafting the critical-sized bone defects in this experimental model. The local administration of VEGF on the graft had a positive effect in the early phase of fracture healing.
Abstract:Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological and immunohistochemical effects of levosimendan on liver injury induced by myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) in a rat model. Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into the four groups: Group C (Control, n = 6), Group I/R (n = 6), Group BI (I/R group treated with levosimendan before ischemia, n = 6), and Group AI (I/R group treated with levosimendan after ischemia, n = 6). Myocardial I/R was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min followed by two hours of reperfusion in I/R and I/R+Levosimendan groups. At the end of the study, liver tissue samples were obtained for histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. Results: Masson Trichrome staining revealed signifi cant hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis most marked in portal acinus Zone 3, especially around the central veins in Group I/R. Histopathological changes in Group AI were more similar to the changes in Group I/R. Milder hepatocellular degeneration was found in Group BI, when compared to groups I/R and AI. Immunohistochemical score was found to be signifi cantly higher in Group I/R compared to groups C, BI and AI (p < 0.0001). The scores in groups BI and AI were found to be similar (p = 0.068). Conclusion: Levosimendan ameliorates liver injury induced by myocardial IR, especially when administered before induction of ischemia (Fig. 9, Ref. 37). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.
Background/aim: To evaluate whether there is a correlation between insulin resistance and nitric oxide-related endothelial dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
Materials and methods:The study was conducted with 25 young women with PCOS and 25 young healthy women, between 18 and 35 years of age. Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels, serum nitric oxide (NO) levels, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) rates were measured in both the patient and control groups.Results: Plasma ADMA levels were significantly higher in PCOS patients than in the controls (P = 0.001). Serum NO levels were significantly lower in patients than in the controls (P = 0.008). The HOMA-IR rates, accepted as an insulin resistance parameter, were significantly higher in patients than in the controls (P = 0.001).
Conclusion:Results of the present study indicate that, independent of age, body mass index, and blood lipid profile, there is significant insulin resistance in PCOS patients. However, no correlation was found between HOMA-IR as an insulin resistance determinant and altered ADMA and NO levels. This finding may indicate that there are additional mechanisms of cardiovascular risks in PCOS patients other than insulin resistance.
OXC seems to be toxic to RGCs at 100mg/kg dose when it is been given as a monotherapy or combined with VPA. Single VPA treatment has no effect on RGC number.
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