Precise control of the structure of crystalline materials is an efficient strategy to manipulate the fundamental performance of solids. In metal−organic framework (MOF) materials, this control can be realized by reversible cation-exchange through chemically driven changes in the crystalline state. Herein, we reported that the reversible structural transformations between an anionic Zn-MOF (1) and a topologically equivalent bimetallic Zn/Co-MOF (2) were accomplished. Both MOFs powders and their hybrid composites were used as positive electrode materials to assemble triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). The results demonstrated that the output performance of the Zn/Co-MOF-TENG was effectively improved because the introduction of Co ions makes electron transfer easier. Moreover, the output performance of the TENGs based on MOF@ PVDF (PVDF = polyvinylidene fluoride) composite films showed that the Zn

Precisely controlling the coordination microenvironment and electronic features of polynuclear secondary building units (SBUs) in coordination polymers (CPs) is an efficient approach to governing their fundamental performance. Here, different multinuclear SBUs (binuclear, trinuclear, and pentanuclear SBUs for 1–3, respectively) were introduced into Cd-based CPs, which were used as frictional electrode materials, to clarify the contributions of polynuclear Cd-SBUs through the output of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). The results demonstrated that 1-TENG with binuclear Cd-SBUs possessed the highest output, whereas 3-TENG with the pentanuclear Cd-SBUs indicated the minimum output, suggesting that the binuclear Cd-SBUs in 1 lost electrons most readily and generated much more charge, which was further confirmed by density functional theory calculations. This work opened a new prospect to confirm the gaining/losing capability of polynuclear Cd-SBUs in CPs and provided an effective approach to tuning both the stability and functionality of polynuclear CPs as frictional pair materials to regulate the output of CPs-based TENGs.

The continuous and uniform MOF-based membrane (1a) as a highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst was fabricated on porous Cu foam to significantly outperform bulk crystals 1 to execute C–H hydroxyalkynylation reactions with regiocontrol.

Exploiting the well-arranged and tunable frameworks of crystalline materials, we herein report coordination polymers (CPs) with modulated hierarchical structures as triboelectric materials to construct and extend the application scope of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Different lengths and shapes of bridging ligands [4,4′-bpa = 1,2-bis­(4-pyridyl)­ethane, 4,4′-bpe = 1,2-bis­(4-pyridyl)­ethene, and 4,4′-bpp = 1,3-di­(2-pyridyl)­propane for 1, 2, and 3, respectively] were used to construct Cd-CP-based hierarchical frameworks. These compounds were used as triboelectric materials, and their electronic structure contributions were determined by the output of the corresponding TENGs. The results indicated that 2-TENG with the 4,4′-bpe ligand had the highest output, attributed to the improvement in the electron activity due to the π-conjugation group in the bridging ligand, which was further verified by density functional theory calculations. Furthermore, 2@PVDF (PVDF = polyvinylidene fluoride) composite films with different concentrations of Cd-CP were prepared. Detailed electrical characterizations revealed that the arrangement of 12% active constituents of Cd-CP-2 effectively enhanced the output performance of 2@PVDF-TENG, which could light up an ultraviolet lamp plate to successfully execute the [2 + 2] photocycloaddition.

Nanoscale 1 and 2 with the benefit of readily accessible active sites had shown to be more effective heterogeneous catalysts than large sizes of 1 and 2 to execute tandem conversion reactions of nitromethylbenzenes into benzolic acids frameworks.