with an ionic cross-linking alginate-Ca 2+ network, which exhibit highly stretchable property of beyond 20 times their initial length and remarkable fracture energy of nearly 9 kJ m −2 . [15] Chen et al. engineered hybrid Agar/PAM hydrogels, which exhibited high stiffness of 313 kPa and high toughness of 1089 J m −2 . [16] They also fabricated fully physical cross-linking DN hydrogels combing Agar with hydrophobic associated PAM, which showed rapid selfrecovery and self-healing properties at room temperature. [17] Besides, integrating the covalent bonds and physical bonds into a single network has attracted more and more attention. Hu et al. prepared PAM/ carbon nanodot hybrid hydrogels using carbon nanodot as physical cross-linker. The fabricated hydrogel, even in the swelling equilibrium state, keeps extraordinary mechanical and recoverable properties. [18] Xie and co-workers synthesized poly(acrylic acid) hybrid hydrogels by introducing ionic cross-linking interaction between Fe(III) and carboxyl groups into the chemical cross-linking network, and the resulting hydrogels achieve tensile stress of ≈1.07 MPa and toughness of ≈11.7 MJ m −3 . [19] In these network structures, the covalent cross-linking preserved the initial state of the network and the recoverable physical cross-linking could well disperse the stress concentration during deformation process, resulting in excellent mechanical property of these hydrogels. However, these hydrogels presented apparently poor elasticity and large residual strain after cyclic tensile test. Therefore, fabricating hydrogels simultaneously owing high toughness and elasticity remains a challenge.Molecular self-assembly behavior plays an important role in biological systems. [20] For example, cell membranes share a common structure of phospholipid bilayers, formed by the self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules. Besides, amphiphilic molecules can also form a variety of self-assembled morphologies, such as micelles, hexagonal, and cubic phases, which have been attracting significant attention for the purpose of fabricating tough hydrogels. Interesting examples are presented by the hydrogels crosslinked by micelles. [21,22] In such hydrogels, crack energy can be efficiently dissipated by flexible dislocation of polymeric micelles along with the chain slippage, leading to highly stretchable and excellent resilience of hydrogels. [21] As a result, it was envisioned that the combination of covalent bonds and physical interactions from self-assembled micelles is a viable method to prepare hybrid hydrogel with extraordinary mechanical performance. HydrogelsIn this work, a hybrid cross-linked polyacrylamide (PAM)/cationic micelle hydrogel is fabricated by introducing the cationic micelles into the chemically cross-linked PAM network. The cationic micelles act as the physical cross-linking points through the strong electrostatic interaction with anionic initiator potassium persulfate. Thereafter, in situ free radical polymerization is initiated thermally from the cationic micelle surfac...
In this work, we first report Au nanoclusters/porous silica particles nanocomposites as fluorescence enhanced sensors for selective and sensitive detection of Cu (II). As red-emitting GSH-protected Au nanoclusters (Au NCs) were self-assemble into porous silica particles (PSPs) after ultrasonic treatment. As a result, the Au NCs can be immobilized in the nano-channels of PSPs, which leads to the observation of an immobilized induced emission enhancement phenomenon. The photoluminscence (PL) intensity of the nanocomposites can enhance dozens of times compared with Au NCs. As a result, we obtain a novel PL enhanced sensor of Au NCs/ PSPs nanocomposites with excellent PL properties. The as-prepared Au NCs/PSPs nanocomposites show good water-solubility, high stability, low toxicity, and exhibit a high PL quenching for reliable, sensitive and selective detection of Cu 2+ . The limit of detection can reach as low as 1 ppb. What is more, the Au NCs/PSPs nanocomposites also show sensitive detection of Cu 2+ in living cells. These properties provide the Au NCs/PSPs nanocomposites with promising PL sensors for Cu 2+ detection in various environmental and biological systems.
In order to strengthen the mobile Internet mobility management and cloud platform resources utilization, optimizing the cloud routing efficiency is established, based on opportunistic bacterial foraging bionics, and puts forward a chemotaxis perception of collaborative optimization QoS (Quality of Services) cloud routing mechanism. The cloud routing mechanism is based on bacterial opportunity to feed and bacterial motility and to establish the data transmission and forwarding of the bacterial population behavior characteristics. This mechanism is based on the characteristics of drug resistance of bacteria and the structure of the field, and through many iterations of the individual behavior and population behavior the bacteria can be spread to the food gathering area with a certain probability. Finally, QoS cloud routing path would be selected and optimized based on bacterial bionic optimization and hedge mapping relationship between mobile Internet node and bacterial population evolution iterations. Experimental results show that, compared with the standard dynamic routing schemes, the proposed scheme has shorter transmission delay, lower packet error ratio, QoS cloud routing loading, and QoS cloud route request overhead.
For satisfying the network trend and intelligent demand of biopharmaceutical, we proposed the energy optimization consumption and management scheme of the drug green crowd data in the biological pharmaceutical cloud environment. First, the biopharmaceutical process are mapped to the cloud platform, which can not only adapt to the revolutionary changes in the way of biopharmaceutical research and but also build a network management platform for pharmaceutical research and development. Secondly, based on the green crowd, we reconstruct the organization structure of the cloud platform, production process, and value chain-driven portfolio, etc. Then, we divide the core of the cloud platform architecture into five substages. The green screening, reorganization, and crowd data processing will be completed by the cooperation of these stages. Finally, the drug green crowd architecture is embedded into the time domain conversion interface and the state transition interface. In addition, the state energy consumption model of the biological pharmaceutical cloud platform is constructed. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional task-driven energy consumption management mechanism, the proposed management mechanism can ensure higher throughput, higher effective flow rate, and higher effective energy consumption ratio.
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