Effects of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) packaging and nano-structured silverpolyethylene (PE/Ag2O) packaging on the overall sensory quality, color, weight and solute loss of fresh-cut apples stored at 5 and 15C were studied in this research. Results showed that, compared with normal LDPE packaging, the PE/Ag2O packaging helped to maintain the freshness of apple slices. Nano-structured PE/Ag2O bag delayed apple browning and decreased the weight loss of apple slices during storage. In addition, it can also prevent apple slices from microbial spoilage. As a result, the quality of apple slices saved at 5C in PE/Ag2O bag was acceptable in 12 days, while those held in LDPE bag showed some deterioration in 6 days. Furthermore, considering the potential health risk resulting from silver leak, the safety of PE/Ag2O bag was evaluated, and the result indicated an acceptable safety for food packaging.
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSTypes of nano-structured bags are recently commercialized for food packaging in many countries, but few documents report their performance in quality maintenance. This study indicates that nano-structured PE/Ag2O bag is effective in maintaining the freshness of apple slices with extended shelf-life. Results of this work may be useful for promoting the acceptance and application of similar nano-packaging in the quality maintenance of fresh-cut products.
Artificial neural network (ANN) back-propagation model was developed to predict the behavior of fracture toughness and tensile strength as a function of microstructure. Both fracture toughness and tensile strength were found to increase with the increase in martensite content in a dual phase microstructure of microalloy steel. The primary objective of the ANN Back-propagation (BP) prediction model was to validate and extend the application of microalloy steels for various engineering applications. The ANN training model has been used to predict the optimum toughness properties in terms of intercritical annealing temperature and martensite content. This can be used as a practical tool for predicting the fracture toughness in other series of steels comprising dual-phase microstructures and also to optimize strength and ductility properties. The ANN model exhibited excellent comparison with the experimental results. It is concluded that predicted fracture toughness by the trained neural network model seem more reasonable compared to approximate methods. It is possible to claim that, ANN is fairly promising prediction technique if properly used. Training ANN model was introduced at first. And then the neural network architecture is designed. The performance of system is summarized at last. In order to facilitate the comparisons of predicted values, the error evaluation and mean relative error are obtained. The result show that the training model has good performance, and the experimental data and predicted data from ANN are in good coherence.
Abstract-The crack resistance at low temperature of semi-flexible pavement was favorable, which prepared by waterborne epoxy-emulsified asphalt-cement as grouting material. While the E/A is 0.6, the maximum bending strain has reached 2662με, which is close to SMA-13. In the three-phase grouting system, asphalt was continuous phase, waterborne epoxy was dispersed phase, both of them bonded with cement.
Keywords-semi-flexible pavement;the crack resistance at low temperature; waterborne epoxy; compound grouting system Cement pavement has the advantages of high strength, large bearing capacity and small temperature sensitivity, while its shortcomings are not comfortable drying and difficult repairing. Because of the advantages of excellent function and convenient repairing, asphalt pavement has become the mainstream of the development of the highway. However, our country has a vast territory and complicated climate characteristics, along with the canalized traffic, the disadvantages of poor bearing capacity, big temperature sensitivity and poor water stability have been the main factors to damage [1][2][3][4] . Based on this background, semi-flexible pavement was appeared, which has both the advantages of cement pavement and asphalt pavement. Semi-flexible pavement is based on framework void asphalt mixture and filled with cement mortar [5][6] . The study generally indicated that semi flexible is a kind of price and good performance of pavement, but the current application indicate that semi flexible materials is easy to appear cracking damage. The main reason is the interface bonding force between cement and asphalt is only Van Edward force, which can't resist the internal stress by the shrinkage of cement and the thermal expansion of asphalt [7] . The most study on the modified measure of semi-flexible did not have the ideal effect. Using the high bonding force of waterborne epoxy and the flexibility of emulsified asphalt, the study has prepared the high performance semi-flexible material and researched its crack resistance at low temperature.
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