El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo principal analizar el manejo de los residuos sólidos con el fin de minimizar la contaminación en el ambiente, específicamente, en el distrito de Panao, ubicado en la provincia de Pachitea, del departamento de Huánuco, Perú. En esta investigación se trabajó con una muestra de 260 domicilios para la recolección de los residuos sólidos, identificados en los cuatro barrios del distrito. Se determinó que la cantidad de residuos sólidos per cápita fue de 0,644 kg/hab/día, con un volumen generado por persona de 0,22 m3. La investigación fue de tipo descriptiva. Finalmente, se concluyó que los residuos sólidos estuvieron compuestos en su mayoría por materia orgánica (53,20%) y que con el manejo integral de estos es posible lograr una disminución en la contaminación de hasta el 34,93%.

Abiotic factors pose a significant constraint for food security and agricultural production worldwide, and the issue has been exacerbated by extreme and rapid climate change. Heat and drought are the most important limiting factors that have a significant influence on crop growth and production. For better management, it is critical to understand the biochemical, ecological and physiological responses to these stresses. Plant responses to these challenges may be divided into three categories: phonological, physiological and biochemical. This review gives a thorough description of plant adaptations towards drought and heat stress, with a particular emphasis on identifying similarities and variations. As a result of physical damage, biological disruption and biochemical abnormalities, suboptimal water supplies and unusual temperatures negatively impact crop development and yields. However, both of these stressors have a wide range of impacts and are thus complex to explain in terms of mechanics. More profound knowledge of how plants respond to various challenges can lead to more practical solutions and management. A distinctive aspect of the phenomenon is comparing fundamental behaviour with abiotic stresses.

Soil is the base of any ecosystem since it conserves nutrients and water for plant roots including agriculture and plantations. In dry and semi-arid places across the world, including the UAE, sandy soils are common. Their fertility is extremely low, and production is hampered by a number of agronomic challenges. Soil conditioner sources like bentonite and chicken manure might be used to improve the poor sandy soil attributes and hence boost soil productivity. From November 2019 to March 2020, an experiment was conducted to investigate the growth rates of Bougainvillea following bentonite and chicken manure amendments to sandy soil taken from Lehbab, Dubai. Bougainvillea was evaluated for its plant height (cm), max length of primary branch (cm), the number of leaves per plant, number of secondary branches, shoot weight (g), root length (cm), root weight (g), root/shoot ratio, chlorophyll contents, and chlorophyll a* and b*. In this experiment, a complete randomized design (CRD) with five treatments was used (10 replications per treatment). According to the findings, bentonite and chicken manure additions considerably influence the productive properties of sandy soil, as indicated by Bougainvillea growth. Additionally, the research suggests that Bougainvillea may be efficiently planted with 10% bentonite and 15% chicken manure applied to sandy soil, resulting in the healthiest plants compared to other amendments.

Turkey is increasingly concerned about the effects of climate change, weather unpredictability, and severe events on agricultural production, food loss, and livelihoods. Turkey has long struggled against climate variability and catastrophic climatic events to prevent further declines in agricultural output. This study assessed the risk of climate change in Turkey from the perspective of loss in food grains and food security domain considering exposure to extreme climate events using the data from 1991 to 2019. This paper makes a theoretical contribution to the literature by identifying the relationship between food waste and food import, food prices and economic growth. It also makes an empirical contribution by administering and econometrically analyzing the impact of the loss of food grains on the aforementioned independent variables. Policy implications for the current national agriculture policy were provided using the vector auto-regression (VAR) model and derivative analysis. Food grain loss negatively correlates with food security since it increases reliance on food imports from outside. Moreover, the losses in food supplies contributes greatly to price increases. The GDP growth rate, however, was shown to be a feeble instigator. Climate change threatens food security, and the country’s progress toward sustainable development objectives is hampered in general, particularly concerning no poverty and zero hunger goals. In conclusion, climate change and its associated factors harm Turkey’s food security and economy.

El trabajo de investigación se realizó con el objetivo de conocer el efecto y rendimiento del biol y súper biol en la producción agroecológica de lechuga (lactuca sativa) variedad: “seda”. Se realizó en una parcela del C.P. Chinchopampa del Distrito de Chaglla-Huánuco. Las concentraciones estudiadas de biol y súper biol fueron 5%, 7.5% y 10%, y se aplicaron a 200 plantas de lechuga por tratamiento, cuya duración de la investigación fue 100 días. El diseño experimental fue el Diseño Completamente Azar, se evaluó: altura, diámetro, peso, análisis fisicoquímico, análisis organoléptico y microbiológico. Los tratamientos estudiados fueron la concentración de biol y súper biol al 5% (T1), 7.5% (T2), 10% (T3) y testigo (T0), se colocó 10 plantas de lechugas por tratamiento. Se realizó la prueba de significación de Duncan al 5%. Los resultados mostraron, que el tratamiento T3 de súper biol con 10% obtuvieron mayor diámetro 19.65 cm, peso 557.5 g y altura de 10.83 cm y el T2 con biol con 7.5 % el diámetro fue de 16.50 cm, peso 428.2 g y altura 9.48 cm. Así mismo las características isicoquímicas de la lechuga, el pH y acidez resultaron por encima de los valores permitidos, por ser cultivadas en suelos ácidos. Con relación a las características microbiológicas de Escherichia coli y Salmonella resultó que todos los tratamientos estaban bajo los límites permisibles. En el análisis organoléptico la mejor aceptación en textura y apariencia fue el T2 con súper biol con 7.5%. La relación beneficio costo: biol resultó siendo de 3.37 y por cada sol invertido se gana 2.37 soles, en súper biol se obtuvo 3.09 y por cada sol invertido se gana 2.09 soles. La aplicación del biol y súper biol es una alternativa ecológica para fertilizar cultivos, reduciendo el uso de fertilizantes químicos y los costos de producción.