Palavras-chaves -Soja. Agricultura e energia. Biocombustíveis. Semeadura. Abstract -The sowing season is defined by a set of environmental factors that react with each other and interact with the plant, thus affecting variations in production and other agronomic traits. This work was carried out to evaluate the behavior of 21 cultivars of commercial soybean, during different times, looking forward to the production of biofuel. Were conducted five essays in the 2008/09 agricultural year, being two of them in Palmas-TO and three in Gurupi-TO. The sowing in Gurupi-TO was in

O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar os teores de óleo e proteína dos grãos em cultivares de soja em função do retardamento da colheita e verificar a influência da época de semeadura sob condições de baixa latitude. No ano agrícola de 2015/16, foram realizados dois ensaios de competição de cultivares de soja em Palmas-TO, sendo o primeiro instalado em 17 de dezembro de 2015 e o segundo em 04 de janeiro de 2016. O delineamento experimental utilizado em cada época de semeadura foi de blocos casualizados com setenta tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em um esquema de parcelas subdivididas, representados por dez genótipos de soja (PRISMA, TMG 132 RR, M 8647 RR, M 8372 RR, BONUS, RAÇA, ST 820 RR, OPUS, TMG 1180 RR e M 9144 RR), nas parcelas, e por sete estádios de colheita dos grãos (R6, R7, R8, R8+7, R8+14, R8+21 e R8+28 dias), nas subparcelas. Houve efeito das épocas de plantio e dos estádios de colheita nos teores de óleo e proteína dos grãos. As cultivares apresentaram comportamentos diferenciados nas duas épocas de semeaduras, a cultivar M9144 RR obteve um crescente aumento nos teores de proteína na segunda época com retardamento da colheita dos grãos. A partir do estádio R8 de desenvolvimento, o teor de óleo nos grãos de três cultivares foi maior na primeira época de semeadura. Na segunda época, quatro cultivares mostram aumento no teor de óleo a partir de R8.Palavras-chave: Glycine Max L.; retardamento; composição química dos grãos. EPOCH AND AFTER DELAYED OF SOYBEAN HARVEST VISUALIZING OIL AND PROTEIN PRODUCTION  ABSTRACT: The present work was carried out with the objective of evaluate the oil and protein contents of the grains in soybean cultivars as a function of the harvest delay and to verify the influence of the sowing season under conditions in low latitude. In the agricultural year 2015/16, two competition trials of soybean cultivars were carried out in Palmas-TO, the first one being installed on December 17, 2015 and the second on January 4, 2016. The experimental design used at each time were randomized blocks with seventy treatments and five replications. The treatments were arranged in a scheme of subdivided plots, represented by ten soybean genotypes (PRISMA, TMG 132 RR, M 8647 RR, M 8372 RR, BONUS, RAÇA, ST 820 RR, OPUS, TMG 1180 RR e M 9144 RR, on the plots, and seven stages of grain harvest (R6, R7, R8, R8+7, R8+14, R8+21 e R8+28 dias) in the subplots. There was an effect of planting times and harvest stages on the oil and protein contents of the grains. The cultivars presented different behaviors in the two sowing seasons; the cultivar M9144 RR obtained an increasing increase in the protein content in the second season with grain harvest delay. From the R8 development stage, the oil content in the grains of three cultivars was higher in the first sowing season. In the second season, four cultivars show an increase in oil content from R8.Keywords: Glycine max L.; retardation; chemical composition of grains.

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Flooded ecosystems are conditioned to seasonal floods that promote specific soil conditions, such as low oxygen, hydromorphism, and peculiar chemical reactions. These environments are dependent on flood pulses that determine specific ecological conditions. Ipucas are seasonally flooded discontinuous forest patches that occur exclusively in the Araguaia Plain in Central Brazil. They are located 0.40 to 1.20 m lower than the surrounding plain, which promotes an accumulation of rainwater for five to six months of the year, being entirely or partially dry during the dry season. The aim of this study was to evaluate the horizontal (centre and edge) and vertical (depths: 0–0.20 m and 0.20–0.40 m) variability of physicochemical parameters in Ipucas soils, attempting to establish the importance of flood pulses and the leaching of surrounding areas in soil formation and composition. Samples were collected during the dry season in three Ipucas of similar size and circularity using a Dutch auger. The results reveal that flood pulses promote the deposition of sediments eroded from the surrounding plain, homogenizing the characteristics of the surface soil, from the edge to the centre of the Ipucas. However, biogeochemical processes, also linked to temporary flooding, account for the differences between the surface and deeper soil horizons because anoxic conditions during flooding promote chemical reactions characteristic of anaerobic environments, modifying the pH and organic matter content, in addition to the gleying of soils subjected to flooding, which are then covered by sediments after the dry season. Finally, Ipucas soils are susceptible to anthropic changes and are dependent on seasonal flood pulses.

Avaliação do uso do resíduo farelo de babaçu (Orbignya sp) na alimentação de ruminantes* Evaluation of use of waste meal babassu (Orbignya sp) in ruminant diets Évaluation de l'utilisation de farine des déchets babassu (Orbignya sp) dans l'alimentation des ruminants Evaluación del uso de residuo la harina de babasú (Orbignya sp) en la dieta de los rumiantes

RESUMOO experimento foi realizado na Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência de utilização de duas fontes de NNP (uréia e da amiréia), bem como o nível de intensidade para a síntese de proteína microbiana ruminal sobre o desempenho de ovinos. Foram utilizadas 24 borregas da raça Santa Inês distribuídas em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em um esquema fatorial 2x3, sendo duas fontes de NNP e três níveis de intensidade na síntese de proteína microbiana ruminal (100% do potencial de síntese, 60% do potencial de síntese e síntese mínima, apenas suficiente para atendimento da exigência em proteína metabolizável). As variáveis analisadas foram: ingestão de MS (IMS), ganho de peso médio diário e conversão alimentar. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a maximização da síntese de PB microbiana, independentemente do tipo de fonte de NNP utilizada, não influenciou no desempenho animal, consumo e conversão alimentar. Para ovinos na proximidade do tamanho adulto, quando não se objetiva elevados níveis de desempenho, o não atendimento do potencial do rúmen em sintetizar proteína microbiana não resulta em pior desempenho na produção animal. Termos para indexação:Manejo alimentar, nitrogênio não-protéico, nutrição, ovinos, potencial de crescimento microbiano, ruminantes. ABSTRACTThe experiment was carried out at Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), with the aim of evaluating the efficiency of using two non-protein nitrogen sources (urea and amireia), as well as the level of intensity for the synthesis of ruminal microbial protein upon the ewe performance. Twenty-four female lambs of Santa Inês breed distributed into a completely randomized experimental design in a factorial scheme 2x3 were used, being two sources of NPN and three levels of microbial synthesis intensity (100% and 60% of synthesis potential and minimal synthesis). The variables studied were DM intake, daily average weight gain and feed conversion. The results showed that maximizing the microbial protein synthesis did not influence the animal performance independently of the NPN source. For sheep close to the mature size, when the objective is not to reach high levels of, not attending the maximum microbial protein synthesis potential does not result in a worse performance.

A procura por alternativas alimentares regionais que contribuam com a redução do custo na produção de ruminantes motivou avaliar o valor nutricional do farelo de babaçu em níveis crescentes na dieta. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. Concluiu-se que esse farelo apresenta um valor nutricional relativamente baixo para a alimentação de ruminantes. Sua utilização não deve exceder a 20% da IMS.

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