Contents The present study characterized the luteal status and the dynamic of the conceptus during the first 20 days of gestation in mares with different ages and degrees of endometrial degeneration. Total area of the corpus luteum (CL), luteal vascularity, CL area with blood signals, progesterone concentrations (P4), embryonic vesicle diameter, number of embryonic location changes, embryonic fixation position and uterine contractility were evaluated. In Experiment 1, mares ≤6 years of age (Young group, 5.6 ± 0.2 years, n = 7 mares) and mares ≥15 years of age (Old group, 17.2 ± 0.9 years, n = 6 mares) were used to investigate the effect of age. In Experiment 2, the luteal and embryonic parameters were compared between mares with minimal (Mild group, endometrial category I, n = 9 mares) and severe (Severe group, endometrial category III, n = 7 mares) endometrial degeneration. The Old and Severe groups had greater (p ≤ 0.04) total CL area and reduced luteal vascularity (p ≤ 0.04) than the Young and Mild groups, respectively. However, P4 levels and CL area with blood signals were similar (p ≥ 0.8) between the groups. A negative effect of age (p < 0.01), but not of endometrial degeneration (p = 0.6), was found for the embryonic vesicle diameter. The conceptus mobility was high (p > 0.1) until day 14 of gestation in the Severe group, while a reduced number of changes of the embryo location was detected earlier (p < 0.05) in the Old group. In conclusion, the newly formed CL of aged mares and mares with severe endometrial degeneration suffered a structural remodelling to safeguard the local blood supply and the continuous P4 output during early gestation. Moreover, an earlier reduction of the embryonic mobility and a delayed development of the conceptus were associated with advanced age, regardless of the degree of endometrial degeneration.

Objetivo: Analisar e descrever através de uma revisão sobre quais são os possíveis impactos, metodologias de prevenção e soluções dentro dos parâmetros pandêmicos da Covid-19, de uma maneira clara e destinada ao público, com intuito de promover conscientização e ampliar o conhecimento. Revisão bibliográfica: A pesquisa foi realizada de forma exploratória e qualitativa no contexto dos acontecimentos atuais, e nas opiniões científicas encontradas na atualidade sobre dados epidemiológicos do COVID-19. Demonstrou-se o aumento nocivo da doença de forma descontrolada e seus reflexos recorrentes devido à falta efetiva de uma incursão educacional, legislativa e nutricional. O despreparo em enfrentar e prevenir as mazelas da sociedade ocasionadas pela fácil transmissão e propagação de doenças infecto-agressivas, e sua abrangência nos vários setores da sociedade brasileira. Notou-se também que manobras emergenciais esbarraram nos entraves burocráticos. Considerações finais: Após a consecução da pesquisa houve um vislumbre ainda das falhas governamentais e da própria população frente as suas possíveis ações para evitar e combater casos excepcionais de perigo iminente.

RESUMO Objetivo: Frente ao quadro pandêmico vivido em 2020 no mundo, este trabalho de revisão tem por objetivo, formar e informar através da literatura o panorama geral do quadro de COVID-19 Métodos: Para tal, foram selecionados aspectos de caracterização, etiologia, patogenia, quadro clínico, laboratorial, de imagem e principais medidas tomadas para realização do combate a infecção do COVID019. Revisão Bibliográfica: Sabendo que o vírus SARS-CoV-2 causador do quadro patológico, a revisão focou nos aspectos da gestante, passando pelo nascituro, crianças, adultos e idosos com apanhado geral das informações pertinentes a cada faixa etária. A descrição de quadros clínicos e a mimetização com demais quadros apresentados por afecções de vias respiratórias superiores e inferiores e demais doenças sazoanais, junto com seu diagnostico laboratorial com alterações e anormalidades, exames de imagens e tomadas de decisões a partir dos resultados. Apresentado ainda, processo de tratamento, vacinas e investigações cientificas. Para finalizar os dados encontrados, ações de promoção de saúde capazes de melhorar a qualidade de vida de toda população. Conclusão: O trabalho demonstrou extrema importância devido a sua abordagem ampla da pandemia por coronavírus e como identificála, trazendo uma forma simples e descomplicada, levando conhecimento cientifico a população e informações verídicas e de qualidade.

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Abstract. With the increased use of horses in sports of various modalities, sports medicine has been increasingly studied so as to have a better understanding of what happens to these animals during the proposed activity. Fitness and training are essential for proper performance and performance in equestrian events, being an important role in the routine of these animals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in serum biochemistry (creatine kinase, glucose and lactate) in seven Mangalarga Marchador (MM) horses submitted to gait training. Three collections were performed within 60 days, divided into D0, D30 and D60 with the animals at rest and after exercise. The results were: regarding pre-training, mean CK values were obtained in 152.2 ± 50.9 IU/L, 277.2 ± 194.4 IU/L and 301.9 ± 125, glucose in 92. 3 ± 11.4 mg/dL, 97.0 ± 10.3 mg/dL and 87.6 ± 10.3 mg/dL, and lactate at 2.4 ± 0.5 mmol/L, 2.0 ± 0.4 mmol/L and 2.2 ± 0.6 mmol/L, respectively at D0, D30 and D60. Post-training mean CK values were 187.9 ± 25.5 IU/L, 358.6 ± 244.1 IU/L and 307.6 ± 116 IU/L, glucose 97.3 ± 11, 4 mg/dL, 119 ± 16.8 mg/dL and 108.6 ± 28 mg/dL and lactate at 3.3 ± 0.9 mmol/L, 3.6 ± 1.2 mmol/L and 4 ± 1 mmol/L at D0, D30 and D60 respectively. No significant increase in CK was observed under the type of exercise imposed, increasing the powders by 14.4% in the average of all collections. Of the lactated results, we had a significant increase in the pre-training average compared to the post in 39.4%. Already glucose was not significant having increased after 14.8% in the average days of the present study. We can observe that the change in glycemia was relatively different from lactate levels demonstrating the use of the aerobic route.

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In the equine species it is possible to determine with the electrocardiogram the heart rate, the rhythm, and the time of electrical conduction of the heart. The performance of the erythrogram is of paramount importance, since it evaluates the conditions of the red cells, which are responsible for carrying the oxygen molecules, promoting support to the skeletal muscles during exercise. The aim of this study was to seek changes in the training of horses with high athletic performance, through the analysis of electrocardiogram and erythrogram parameters. For this purpose, 10 quarter-mile (QM) horses, aged between 5 and 15 years, weighing between 350 and 550 kg, were regularly subjected to physical activities, this being explosive, where the animals are around 10 to 15 minutes in warm-up, then they are put on brete, from where they will leave and go for about 600 meters in nine seconds, in a track composed by sand. Pre-training heart rate and rhythm were evaluated with the TEB computerized electrocardiograph and pre-and post-training erythrogram, with the jugular venipuncture performed, with the removal of approximately 5 ml of blood and placed in tubes containing EDTA (ethylenediamine tetra acid -acetic) for the conservation of the sample, and a future analysis in the clinical laboratory of the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Franca. The post-training was performed shortly after the horses returned from training. The results found an average of 42.12 bpm (beats per minute) in the pre-training heart rate and an average of 10.63x106 µL (microliters), 16.2 g / dL (grams per deciliter), 47.57 %, 44.92 fL (fentiliters) and 34.27 g / dL in the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, VCM and CHCM in the pre-training of the erythrogram, respectively. In the post-training, it was not possible to perform the heart rate analysis, only the erythrogram, where the following data were found: 14.67x106 µL, 22.42 g / dL, 68%, 46.08 fL and 33.88 g / dL in the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, VCM and CHCM, respectively. After analyzing these results, it was concluded that there was no change in the heart rate data, however the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit increased in the post-training in relation to the pre-training.

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