This review explores the features and corresponding application of ZIF-67 and its derivatives.

This review explores the features and applications of porous metal–organic framework MIL-100­(M) (M = Cr, Fe, Sc, Al, V). With large pores, BET surface area and high thermal, chemical stability, MIL-100 has aroused great interest of scientists and become one of the most popular MOFs. MIL-100 MOFs containing different metallic units have different properties and thus have different applications. Among MIL-100­(M) (M = Cr, Fe, Sc, Al, V), Fe-based MIL-100 possesses unique properties and has got relatively many reports. With many excellent properties, MIL-100 materials show a great performance in different fields and become promising adsorbents, catalysts, and drug carriers.

Novel highly luminescent metal–organic gels with a trace amount of doping (as low as 0.01 mol%) have been fabricated.

This review explores the structures and properties of UiO‐67 and its derivatives as well as the corresponding synthetic and characterization method. With remarkably high surface area, high thermal and chemical stabilities and excellent mechanical properties, UiO‐67 is very promising and competitive among kinds of metal‐organic frameworks. UiO‐67 not only has good performance on some gases adsorption and storage and removal of organophosphorus pesticides, but also can act as the catalyst in the nerve‐agent hydrolysis. More importantly, by introducing various functional organic linkers into UiO‐67 framework or incorporating different metal complexes and other functional groups, the resulting derivatives of UiO‐67 can improve its water stability, show enhanced gases adsorption properties and expand the application of UiO‐67 such as catalytic hydrolysis of phosphate‐ester, catalytic detoxication of chemical warfare agents, catalytic promotion of Friedel–Crafts reactions, Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction, C−C and C−H bond activation reactions and a series of photocatalytic reactions, catalytic addition of asymmetric aldol, micromotor engines, detection of some biological thiols and so on.

as photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). [5] For instance, TiO 2 , one of widely used photocatalysts, can absorb ultraviolet light to generate electron-hole pairs in the hydrogen evolution reaction. [6] However, the wide band gap (≈3.2 eV) for TiO 2 limits the utilization of sunlight as well as its photocatalytic activity. [7] Among inorganic photocatalysts, CdS is considered as one of the prominent materials for the visible light-driven water splitting because of the efficient utilization of solar energy and narrow band gap (≈2.4 eV). [8] Even so, it is generally difficult to maintain the structure stability of the pure CdS particles under reaction conditions due to oxygen-induced photocorrosion, which leads to low photocatalytic activity and stability and limits their application. [9] Meanwhile, a large number of studies show the rapid recombination of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs inside CdS photocatalyst, leading to low charge carrier use efficiency. [10] In order to promote the transfer and effective utilization of charge carriers, some noble metals (such as Pt) are loaded on the surface of CdS and construct Schottky junction heterostructures. [11] The scarcity and high cost of noble metals restricts their large-scale application, which motivates the search for low-cost alternatives. Cd, a nonnoble metal with excellent electrical conductivity, attracts much interest in the construction of Schottky junction photocatalysts with CdS. [12] Yu et al. prepared a Schottky junction photocatalyst with CdS and Cd clusters by post-treatment technique. [10] Wand et al. developed a photocatalytic reduction method to construct a Ag 2 S/CdS/Cd system for UV-vis-NIR photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. [13] These relevant researches give an inspiration that Cd metal can act as an electron trap to accelerate the charge carriers transfer after being composited with CdS.Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), newly developed materials formed by metal clusters and organic ligands, have been attractive materials in the field of adsorption, catalysis, electrochemistry, and so on. [14,15] In particular, MOFs have potential application in the visible light-driven hydrogen production with rich active sites, highly stable structure and large specific surface area. [3,16] It is noticed that MOF templatedirected derivatives which can precisely manipulate the dispersion states of the active sites are favorable for improving the photocatalytic activity as well as stability. [17] Li et al. prepared Photocatalytic splitting of water into hydrogen has attracted growing concerns as a promising strategy for the development of clean and renewable energy sources. Fabricating novel photocatalysts with high H 2 evolution rate and good cyclic stability is extremely vital for practical applications. Herein, a novel CdS/Cd 2 SO 4 (OH) 2 composite derived from cadmium nitrate doped Cd-MOF is deposited on the surface of butterfly wings with reticular hierarchical structure for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction. The combin...

The study of the geochemical characteristics of source rocks is an important part of tight oil evaluation. The Zhahaquan area of the Qaidam Basin is a new area for tight oil exploration in China. During the sedimentary period of the Neogene Upper Ganchaigou Formation (N1) in the Zhahaquan area, a set of source rocks of semideep lake and deep lacustrine facies as well as a set of thin, interbedded fine sandstone and argillaceous limestone was deposited, providing favorable conditions for the formation of tight oil. However, the study on the geochemical characteristics of source rocks in this area is relatively weak. The geochemical characteristics of the source rocks in the Zhahaquan area were determined via the experimental analysis of parameters such as vitrinite reflectance (Ro), chloroform bitumen “A”, total organic carbon (TOC), group components, kerogen types, rock pyrolysis, and aromatic compounds of crude oil. The following results were obtained: the Zhahaquan area had II1-type hydrocarbon source rock organic matter, and the TOC was 0.32%–1.32%. The type index (TI) was 48.70–72.23, the chloroform bitumen “A” content was 0.0034%–0.1133%, Ro was 0.810%–1.265%, and the cracking hydrocarbon peak temperature (T max) was distributed in the temperature range of 362–444 °C. The hydrocarbon generation conversion rate was 0.89%–10.0%. The reservoir mainly had intergranular pores, dissolution pores, and microfractures. The average porosity was 8.0%, and the average permeability was 0.861 × 10–3 μm2. The average oil saturation was 30.0%, and the average water saturation was 21.6%. From a comprehensive analysis of the results, the following inferences were derived. The parent material of the source rocks in the Zhahaquan area mainly originated from algae and other phytoplankton in the lake basin, which was a good source rock for oil exploration. The source rocks of this area have entered the threshold of hydrocarbon generation and are in the peak oil-generation stage. They have potential as industrial oil and gas resources. The oil test results of YD103 and seven other wells showed that the daily oil index per meter ranges from 0.38 to 6.5 m3/d·m, indicating that the source rocks have the ability to form industrial oil. Analysis of the geochemical characteristics of source rocks and study of reservoir geological characteristics will provide theoretical support and reference for tight oil exploration and development in Zhahaquan.