The effect of aerobic exercise on the quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes was safe and effective. Then, most of the studies on aerobic exercise were of good methodological quality. The effects of resistance exercise and combined exercise on the quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes were mixed, and the effect of yoga on quality of life still need more research.
Aim
To quantify the effect of laughter and humour interventions on depression, anxiety, and sleep quality in adults.
Design
A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Data Sources
PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Weipu, and Wanfang Data were searched from their inception up to December 2018.
Review methods
The reporting of this meta‐analytical review was conducted according to the guidelines of the Cochrane Collaboration. Two reviewers selected the studies, extracted the data, and evaluated the risk of bias (Cochrane Collaboration bias assessment tool) of the included papers independently.
Results
Ten studies comprising 814 participants were included. Meta‐analysis showed that these interventions significantly decreased adults' depression, anxiety, and improved their sleep quality. The results of subgroup analysis showed that depression benefits more from long‐term laughter intervention.
Conclusions
This meta‐analysis revealed that laughter and humour interventions are effective in relieving depression, anxiety, and improve sleep quality in adults. More studies with high quality and follow‐up assessment should be conducted for future research.
Impact
This review synthesized current evidence using laughter and humour interventions to reduce negative emotion and promote better results in adults, especially with respect to target the applicability between different populations or intervention methods. In addition, humour and laughter interventions are safe, convenient, interesting and can promote interpersonal relationship in both patients and medical workers, which have great feasibility and potential to be used as an aspect of psychotherapy for clinical and nursing to improve well‐beings in adults.
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are suspected to exert neuroprotective effects in brain injury, in part through the secretion of extracellular vesicles like exosomes containing bioactive compounds. We now investigate the mechanism by which bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs)-derived exosomes harboring the small non-coding RNA miR-29b-3p protect against hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in rats.
Methods:We established a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and primary cortical neuron or brain microvascular endothelial cell (BMEC) models of oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). Exosomes were isolated from the culture medium of BMSCs. We treated the MCAO rats with BMSC-derived exosomes in vivo, and likewise the OGD-treated neurons and BMECs in vitro. We then measured apoptosis-and angiogenesis-related features using TUNEL and CD31 immunohistochemical staining and in vitro Matrigel angiogenesis assays. Results: The dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-29b-3p targeted the protein phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). miR-29b-3p was downregulated and PTEN was upregulated in the brain of MCAO rats and in OGD-treated cultured neurons. MCAO rats and OGD-treated neurons showed promoted apoptosis and decreased angiogenesis, but overexpression of miR-29b-3p or silencing of PTEN could reverse these alterations. Furthermore, miR-29b-3p could negatively regulate PTEN and activate the Akt signaling pathway. BMSCs-derived exosomes also exerted protective effects against apoptosis of OGD neurons and cell apoptosis in the brain samples from MCAO rats, where we also observed promotion of angiogenesis.Conclusion: BMSC-derived exosomal miR-29b-3p ameliorates ischemic brain injury by promoting angiogenesis and suppressing neuronal apoptosis, a finding which may be of great significance in the treatment of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
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