BackgroundUniversal ocular screening of infants is not a standard procedure in children’s health care system in China. This pilot study investigated prevalence of ocular abnormalities of 6 weeks-age infants using wide-field digital imaging system.MethodsInfants aged 6 weeks around were consecutively enrolled in a public hospital between April 2015 and August 2016. All the infants who were enrolled in the study underwent vision assessment, eye position examination, external eye check, pupillary light reflex, red reflex examination, anterior and posterior ocular segments were examined using flashlight, ophthalmoscope, and wide-field digital imaging system.ResultsA total of 481 infants at 45.1 ± 6.1 days after birth were enrolled in the study. 198 infants had abnormal findings (41.2%). Retinal white spots and retinal white areas were the most common findings (42.9% of abnormalities and 17.7% of all infants screened). The second major finding was retinal hemorrhage (16.2% of abnormalities and 6.7% of all infants screened). Other abnormal findings include retinal pigmentation, concomitant exotropia, neonatal dacryocystitis, retinopathy of prematurity, ‘albinism-like fundus’, congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, immature retina, corneal dermoid tumor, large physiologic cupping of optic disc, congenital persistent pupillary membrane, entropion trichiasis, subconjunctival hemorrhage, congenital cataract, vitreous hemorrhage, ptosis and choroidal nevus. Intervention of any form was required in 22 infants, which accounted for 11.1% of abnormalities detected and 4.6% of all infants screened.ConclusionUniversal ocular screening is not only necessary for preterm infants but also for full-term infants. Addition of red reflex examination with wide-field digital imaging system can enhance the sensitivity of screening for ocular fundus abnormities. Further study with a long-term follow-up is needed in the future.

BackgroundTo examined the curative effect of vitreous injection with ranibizumab,laser coagulation and cryotherapy in treating stage 3 Coats’ disease with exudative retinal detachment.MethodsSeventeen patients with stage 3 Coats’ disease were enrolled in the study. All eyes were treated with vitreous injection of ranibizumab as initial treatment, and subsequent treatment depended on the absorption of subretinal fluid, Including cryotherapy and laser photocoagulation. Repeat treatment for the two treatment intervals occurred in ≥1 month. The mean follow-up time was 24.12 ± 5.99 months. The main data evaluation and outcome measurements included the patient’s vision, intraocular pressure(IOP), optical coherence tomography (OCT), slit lamp examination, indirect ophthalmoscopy, color Doppler imaging (CDI) and color fundus image analysis. The following variables were compared between groups: abnormal vascular changes, subretinal fluid and exudate absorption, retinal reattachment and complications. The final follow-up results were used to determine the effectiveness of treatment.ResultsOf the 17 patients included, 88.24% were male and 11.76% were female. Visual acuity was less than 0.02 in 12 eyes before surgery and 8 eyes after surgery. Visual acuity improved in 7 eyes, accounting for 41.18% of cases, and remained unchanged in 7 eyes, accounting for 41.18% of cases. Three patients were too young to undergo the operation, accounting for 17.65% of cases. The best vision was 0.1. Patients were treated 1 to 5 times for an average of 2.82 ± 0.95 times each. There was no statistically significant difference (t = 1.580, p = 0.135) between the preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressures. However, there was a statistically significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative retinal detachment height (2- related samples Wilcoxon signed rank test with z = 3.517, p = 0.000). The results further showed that all patients had different degrees of subretinal fluid absorption, and some of the new blood vessels subsided. All patients were successfully treated with laser and cryosurgery. No ocular or systemic complications were observed during follow-up.ConclusionsIntravitreal ranibizumab (IVR), laser coagulation and cryotherapy were effective in the treatment of Coats’ disease with exudative retinal detachment.Trial registration numberWe retrospectively registered our study, The trial registration number (TRN) is ChiCTR-ONC-17011161 and date of registration is April 16, 2017.

UBM seems to be a valuable and reliable diagnostic technique for the evaluation of patients with ocular toxocariasis. Longitudinal studies will have to determine the relevance of UBM findings for the individual clinical course and their influence on therapeutic decisions.