We report on octave-spanning supercontinuum generation under pumping with 1360 nm, 120 fs pulses, in an all-solid, all-normal dispersion photonic crystal fiber. The fiber was drawn from thermally matched oxide soft glasses with a hexagonal lattice 35 µm in diameter, 2.5 µm solid core and pitch of Λ/d = 0.9. The fiber was designed for normal dispersion broadly flattened in the 1200–2800 nm range. Experimentally recorded supercontinuum spectrum covered a 900–1900 nm bandwidth and was reconstructed with good agreement using numerical modeling. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an experimentally demonstrated octave-spanning supercontinuum bandwidth, reaching as far as 1900 nm in the all-normal dispersion regime.
Interactions between light and various cells in cultures, such as bacteria or mammalian cells, are widely applied for optical sensors and optofluidic systems. These microorganisms need to be kept in proper aqueous media, referred to as buffers or cell culture media, that are required, respectively, for stable storage or delivering biochemical nutrients for their growth. When experiments or numerical analyses on optical devices are performed, the properties of these media are usually considered to be similar to those of pure water, with negligible influence of biochemical compounds on the medium’s optical properties. In this work, we investigated the transmission, material dispersion, and scattering properties of selected and widely used buffers and cell culture media. We show that the optical properties of these media may significantly vary from those of water. Well-defined properties of buffers and cell culture media are essential for proper design of various optical sensing or future optofluidic systems dealing with biological structures.
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