Jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia S.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat tradisional yang digunakan secara luas untuk berbagai penyakit termasuk infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas ekstrak etanol 70% dan 96% daun Citrus aurantifolia terhadap mikroba penyebab infeksi pada manusia, antara lain Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, dan Candida albicans secara in vitro. Penapisan fitokimia dilakukan untuk memprediksi metabolit sekunder yang berperan dalam aktivitas antimikroba daun Citrus aurantifolia. Aktivitas antimikroba ditentukan menCitrus aurantifolia S. is a traditional medicinal plant that is widely used for various diseases including infections. This study aims to test the in vitro antimicrobial activity of 70% and 96% ethanolic extract of Citrus aurantifolia leaves to microbes that cause infection in humans, including Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Phytochemical screening was carried out to predict secondary metabolites that play a role in the antimicrobial activity of Citrus aurantifolia leaves. The antimicrobial activity was determined using agar diffusion method with disc paper and well diffusion method. Phytochemical screening showed that simplicia powder, 70% ethanol extract, and 96% ethanol extract from Citrus aurantifolia leaves contained flavonoids, coumarin, saponins, tannins, steroids / triterpenoids, and essential oils. This study showed that 70% and 96% ethanol extract of Citrus aurantifolia leaves can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli bacteria. It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of Citrus aurantifolia leaves is potential to be developed as an antibacterial product.ggunakan metode difusi agar dengan kertas cakram dan metode difusi sumuran. Penapisan fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa baik serbuk simplisia, ekstrak etanol 70%, dan ekstrak etanol 96% dari daun Citrus aurantifolia mengandung metabolit sekunder flavonoid, kumarin, saponin, tanin, steroid/triterpenoid, dan minyak atsiri. Ekstrak etanol 70% dan 96% daun Citrus aurantifolia dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, dan Escherichia coli. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan ekstrak etanol daun Citrus aurantifolia berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai produk antibakteri.
During an ethnopharmacology study of traditional antidiabetic treatment in Gunung Sari village, Bogor region, Indonesia, fifteen traditional medicinal plants were selected, collected and prepared as crude extracts. Among fifteen plants, only three plants have previously been screened for dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors. Quantitative phytochemical analysis revealed total phenolics content (TPC) ranging from 2.27±0.16 to 5.39±0.05 mg GAE/g extract and total alkaloids content (TAC) from 1.07±0.02 to 4.33±0.07 mg QE/g extract. In-vitro DPP-IV inhibitory activity screening showed that Piper ornatum exhibited the highest inhibition (78.11±1.35 %) and the lowest activity by Syzygium polyanthum (34.30±1.57%) at a concentration of 250 µg/mL, respectively. Analysis of chemical constituents using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) indicated at least eleven compounds were present in the crude extract. Among them, several peaks were tentatively assigned as pipcrosides and crocatins, which have previously been isolated from Piper crocatum.
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