Our results demonstrate that clarithromycin and furazolidone in combination with omeprazole are a good alternative for H. pylori eradication in Brazilian patients with duodenal ulcer.
The endophytic fungus Mycosphaerella sp. (UFMGCB2032) was isolated from the healthy leaves of Eugenia bimarginata, a plant from the Brazilian savanna. Two novel usnic acid derivatives, mycousfuranine (1) and mycousnicdiol (2), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract, and their structure was elucidated by NMR and MS analyses. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate antifungal activities against Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, each with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 50.0 μg/mL and 250.0 μg/mL, respectively.
Paracoccidioides spp. are the etiological agents of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM). Treatment is prolonged to control the clinical manifestations and prevent relapse. The study on the effects of cytochalasin E in P. brasiliensis is important because it can be used as a prototype for new antifungal drugs and consequently, broadens the treatment options for PCM.
Fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides are responsible for
paracoccidioidomycosis. The occurrence of drug toxicity and relapse in this disease
justify the development of new antifungal agents. Compounds extracted from fungal
extract have showing antifungal activity. Extracts of 78 fungi isolated from rocks of
the Atacama Desert were tested in a microdilution assay against
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Pb18. Approximately 18% (5) of the
extracts showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values≤ 125.0
µg/mL. Among these, extract from the fungus UFMGCB 8030 demonstrated the best
results, with an MIC of 15.6 µg/mL. This isolate was identified as
Aspergillus felis (by macro and micromorphologies, and internal
transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, and ribosomal polymerase II gene analyses) and was
grown in five different culture media and extracted with various solvents to optimise
its antifungal activity. Potato dextrose agar culture and dichloromethane extraction
resulted in an MIC of 1.9 µg/mL against P. brasiliensis and did not
show cytotoxicity at the concentrations tested in normal mammalian cell (Vero). This
extract was subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation using analytical
C18RP-high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and an antifungal assay using
P. brasiliensis. Analysis of the active fractions by HPLC-high
resolution mass spectrometry allowed us to identify the antifungal agents present in
the A. felis extracts cytochalasins. These results reveal the
potential of A. felis as a producer of bioactive compounds with
antifungal activity.
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