Removal of an impacted maxillary third molar can be challenging for both dental clinicians and oral surgeons. Frequently encountered complications include infection, pain, swelling, root fractures, trismus, and haemorrhage. In addition, unexpected displacement of the maxillary third molar may be encountered during the extraction process. This case report presents a maxillary third molar displaced to the infratemporal fossa, as well as removal of the tooth following 1 month, along with the causative factors. The roles of orthopantomography and dental volumetric tomography scans in determining the localization of the tooth are discussed, together with different surgical options and risks for surgical removal of the tooth from the infratemporal fossa.
The consensus view seems to be that the main goal of a psychotherapy approach is to make changes in dysfunctional attitudes and behaviors. Therapeutic effectiveness which is defined as "the establishment of causality between the intervention and the emergent changes in target behavior, symptom, or disorder" has been examined via studies of therapeutic effectiveness. In this review, it is aimed to evaluate therapeutic efficacy and/or effectiveness studies in terms of their methods, results and approaches and also to discuss debates and critics about these studies in the context of Cognitive and Behavioral therapy. In this context, first of all, the definition of therapeutic effectiveness has been given, and then, measuring methods have been discussed within the framework of effectiveness, efficacy, and meta-analysis studies. Differences in the point of views regarding the results of effectiveness studies have been examined. The place of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy has been discussed in the context of mentioned topics. In the conclusion part, number of questions which are thought to contribute to an effective interpretation for therapeutic effectiveness, have been proposed. In this context, it is fact that Cognitive and Behavioral Therapy which is one of therapies used most widely is determined as effective on depression and anxiety disorder. CBT's, prevalence, being a structured method and studies about its impact on therapeutic change strengthens the evidence of its effectiveness.
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