Background: To evaluate parameters on the state and trait anxiety scores of patients receiving intravitreal injections. Methods: One hundred thirteen patients were included in the study. All subjects received intravitreal ranibizumab or bevacizumab injections. To measure the level of anxiety, Spielberg's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire was used. Results: The mean state anxiety scores were 45.19 ± 5.62 in experienced patients and 43.10 ± 6.62 in inexperienced patients (p = 0.078). The mean trait anxiety scores were 50.14 ± 6.62 in experienced patients and 49.17 ± 10.79 in inexperienced patients (p = 0.810). Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference in the state and trait anxiety scores between the male and female, employed, and retired patients (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Anxiety may not show significant differences according to sociodemographic status. High anxiety scores found in this study also emphasize that health care providers should try to decrease anxiety levels during the course of treatment.

We report the ocular manifestations of Alport syndrome and the surgical results in 4 patients. All 4 patients had anterior lenticonus; 2 also had posterior lenticonus in both eyes, 3 had flecked retina, and 1 had posterior polymorphous dystrophy. In both eyes of the 4 patients, phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation was performed to treat anterior and posterior lenticonus. The postoperative visual acuity was excellent in all patients. We recommend phacoemulsification with IOL implantation as a safe and effective procedure in patients with lenticonus secondary to Alport syndrome.

Purpose: To report the efficacy of intravitreal dexamethasone implant in a patient with retinitis pigmentosa and bilateral cystoid macular edema unresponsive to topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Case Report: A 36-year-old man with bilateral cystoid macular edema associated with retinitis pigmentosa that was unresponsive to topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors underwent bilateral 0.7-mg intravitreal dexamethasone implants two weeks apart. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography revealed resolution of macular edema one week following each injection in both eyes and his visual acuity improved. However, macular edema recurred two months later in OS and three months later in OD. Second implant was considered for both eyes. No implant-related complication was experienced during the follow-up of seven months. Conclusion: Inflammatory process seems to play a role in retinitis pigmentosa. Intravitreal dexamethasone implant may offer retina specialists a therapeutic option especially in cases unresponsive to other treatment regimens in eyes with retinitis pigmentosa-related macular edema.

Background: To evaluate the agreement between the optic nerve head (ONH) measurements obtained by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography/scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SD-OCT/SLO) and the Heidelberg retinal tomograph III (HRT-III), and to compare the ONH measurements of both devices in different glaucoma types. Methods: In a prospective study, 30 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 30 patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) were enrolled. All patients underwent SD-OCT/SLO and HRT-III evaluation of the ONH during the same visit. Agreement between measurements of SD-OCT/SLO and HRT-III were evaluated by determination of intraclass correlation coeficients. In addition, mean ONH measurements obtained with both devices were compared between POAG and PXG patient groups. Results: Mean SD-OCT/SLO measurements were greater than those of HRT-III, except for mean and maximum cup depth. Intraclass correlation coefficient values for disc area, rim area, cup area, cup/disc area ratio, mean cup depth and maximum cup depth were 0.367, 0.213, 0.632, 0.681, 0.775 and 0.661, respectively. No significant differences were found between ONH parameters of POAG and PXG patients as measured with both devices (p > 0.01). Conclusion: ONH measurements with SD-OCT/SLO and HRT-III did not show clinically acceptable agreement in glaucoma patients. This precludes interchangeable use of these measurements in clinical practice. PXG and POAG patient groups displayed similar ONH measurements with both devices.

Corneal viscoelastic properties are not significantly influenced in the late postoperative period by 23-G TSV which is a minimal invasive vitreoretinal surgical technique.

Corneal biomechanical properties and intraocular pressure as measured by an ocular response analyzer do not change statistically significantly during the different phases of the menstrual cycle. We conclude that measurements of the ocular response analyzer can be safely utilized in healthy female subjects without considering the possible effects of varying hormonal levels during the menstrual cycle.

Congenital iris ectropion is an uncommon malformation of the anterior segment of the eye. The authors describe a case of bilateral congenital iris ectropion associated with juvenile glaucoma in an otherwise healthy 9-year-old girl. Intra-ocular pressure (IOP) measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry was 40 mmHg in the right eye and 32 mmHg in the left eye. Despite maximum IOP lowering therapy, the desired IOP levels needed to prevent further progression of the glaucoma could not be achieved. Visual field testing and confocal scanning laser tomography showed glaucomatous neuropathy. Trabeculectomy with antimetabolites (mitomycin C 0.2 mg/ml) was performed in both eyes and IOP was normalized without IOP lowering medications during a follow-up of 4 years. The authors point out the importance of recognizing congenital iris ectropion early to prevent blindness in young patients and improve their prognosis.

We report the good outcome of combined intravitreal aflibercept injection and photodynamic treatment in a case with fundus flavimaculatus (FFM) and unilateral subretinal neovascular membrane (SRNM). A 57-year-old man with FFM and unilateral SRNM who was treated with two consecutive ranibizumab injections with no improvement at another institution was referred to us. He was treated successfully with three aflibercept injections three months apart and a single photodynamic treatment performed a week after the initial aflibercept injection. Six weeks after the last aflibercept injection visual acuity was improved and submacular exudation exhibited dramatic resolution with a moderate degree of residual scarring. SRNM formation is rarely observed in eyes with FFM and a satisfactory outcome can be achieved with a proper treatment.