This article stated that polishing promoted a significant increase of fluoride release on restorative materials especially in glass ionomer-based materials. Further, proper polishing systems must be chosen according to the structure and composition of materials to provide the best clinical benefits in terms of fluoride release, surface roughness and bacterial adhesion.

Background/purpose Multivitamin syrups and effervescent tablets are commonly used for dietary support in children; however, these preparations may have detrimental effects on the surface of restorative materials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two multivitamin syrups and two effervescent tablets taken daily on the surface microhardness and roughness of two different restorative materials. Materials and methods The study groups were comprised of a conventional glass ionomer cement, Ketac Molar, and a giomer, Beautifil II. A total of 140 disc-shaped specimens were prepared and randomly assigned to 5 subgroups. The samples were immersed in 4 multivitamins (Supradyne syrup, Supradyne effervescent, Sambucol syrup, Sambucol effervescent) and deionized water (control group) for 2 min once a day for 28 days. Surface microhardness and roughness measurements were recorded at baseline and on the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days. Surface microhardness was measured using a Vickers hardness tester and surface roughness was determined using a profilometer. Results For all subgroups; the surface microhardness values of the Ketac Molar and Beautifil II demonstrated a statistically significant decrease from the baseline to the 28th day measurements (p < 0.05), while the surface roughness displayed increased values that were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). The Ketac Molar surface roughness values were significantly higher than Beautifil II in all subgroups for all measurement days (p = 0.0001). Conclusion The prolonged use of multivitamin syrups and effervescent tablets may have negative effects on the physical properties of restorative materials.

Background: To evaluate the effect of two different deproteinizing agents (5.25% sodium hypochlorite and Papaca-rie®) prior to acid etching on the shear bond strength and microleakage of a fissure sealant material. Material and Methods: A total of 123 extracted noncarious human third molar teeth were randomly divided into three groups for each test: acid etching alone (control) (C), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and Papacarie Duo ® (PC). The shear bond strength tests were performed using a universal testing machine, and microleakage was evaluated using a dye penetration method. Results: The mean shear bond strength values obtained in Group C were significantly lower than those of Group NaOCl and Group PC (p=0.0001). There were no significant differences between Group NaOCl and Group PC (p >0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed among the groups in terms of microleakage (p>0.05). Conclusions: Papacarie Duo® and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite treatments before etching increased the shear bond strength of the fissure sealant. However, pre-treatment with these agents did not decrease the microleakage between teeth and sealant.

Aim:The purpose of this study was to assess the surface roughness of six different restorative materials when covered with surface coating agent prior to 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application. Materials and methods: Six restorative materials (Fuji IX, Amalgomer CR, Dyract XP, Beautifil II, ACTIVA, Filtek Z250) were used in this study. 28 specimens were prepared from each material and randomly divided into 4 groups (n=7) according to surface treatment regimens. Group C: control, no application, Group F: only acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application, Group S: only surface coating agent application, Group SF: acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application following the surface coating procedure. The surface roughness values for all specimens were measured using profilometer. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), Newman Keuls and Tukey's tests (p<0.05). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in surface roughness between group C and F for all analyzed materials, except for Amalgomer CR (p>0.05). The control group of Amalgomer CR showed greater surface roughness values than that of the group F (p=0.001). Group S produced significantly smoother surfaces than the group C for all restorative materials, except Dyract XP (p=0.001). Conclusion:1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application did not promote a significant increase on the surface roughness of restorative materials whether or not surface coated. However, surface coating was found to produce smoother surfaces.

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