Purpose:The aim of this study was to assess the association between the presence of maxillary incisor trauma (MIT) with age, gender, dentition type, the degree of overjet (OJ), lip form, respiratory type and dental arch form in patients with Class II division 1 dental malocclusion.Subjects and Methods:256 patients (mean age: 15.80 ± 2.2) were included in this study. The patients’ gender, dentition type, superior lip form, dental arch form and respiratory type were recorded. Participants were divided into four groups according to the severity of OJ: 3.5 mm

The diagnosis of secondary caries is the main reason for replacement of all types of restorations in primary and permanent teeth. Biofilm formation on dental restorative materials plays an important role in the development of secondary caries content with many numerous cariogenic bacteria. In this review; the effects of different restorative materials on dental biofilm formation are examined by parameters like surface roughness, surface free energy, surface hardness, antibacterial properties of restorative materials and the percentage of biofilm, biofilm thickness, the percentage of viability bacteria in biofilm on surface of the materials and salivary proteins. Surface roughness is thought to be the most important factor in determining the amount of accumulation of plaque. Nowadays, restorative materials which inhibit the formation of plaque are known to be used widespread. Preventing the formation of dental biofilm in the light of the researches on this subject is thought to increase success on the therapy of the materials. More studies are required about dental restorative materials need to be conducted against all of the cariogenic microorganisms in the biofilm and the charactheristic properties of the surface of these restorative materials.

Aim:The purpose of this study was to assess the surface roughness of six different restorative materials when covered with surface coating agent prior to 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application. Materials and methods: Six restorative materials (Fuji IX, Amalgomer CR, Dyract XP, Beautifil II, ACTIVA, Filtek Z250) were used in this study. 28 specimens were prepared from each material and randomly divided into 4 groups (n=7) according to surface treatment regimens. Group C: control, no application, Group F: only acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application, Group S: only surface coating agent application, Group SF: acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application following the surface coating procedure. The surface roughness values for all specimens were measured using profilometer. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), Newman Keuls and Tukey's tests (p<0.05). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in surface roughness between group C and F for all analyzed materials, except for Amalgomer CR (p>0.05). The control group of Amalgomer CR showed greater surface roughness values than that of the group F (p=0.001). Group S produced significantly smoother surfaces than the group C for all restorative materials, except Dyract XP (p=0.001). Conclusion:1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application did not promote a significant increase on the surface roughness of restorative materials whether or not surface coated. However, surface coating was found to produce smoother surfaces.

This study aimed to determine the mechanical properties of fluoride-releasing dental materials after an accelerated fluoride recharge/discharge procedure. Two fluoride-releasing glass ionomer types of cement (Ketac Molar Easymix and IonoStar Molar), a resin-modified glass ionomer (Photac Fil Quick Aplicap), and two compomers (Compoglass F and Glasiosite) were used in this study. A total of 30 rectangular specimens and 30 disk specimens of each material were prepared and placed in distilled/deionized water (n = 5). The amount of fluoride released was analyzed from the materials for 7-day discharge, 1st recharge, 7-day discharge, 2nd recharge, and 7-day discharge, and 3rd recharge. The de/pre- and post-recharge fluoride release were measured using an ion chromatography for 24 days. The flexural strength and microhardness of each group were evaluated. The microhardness of all restorative materials showed no significant change (p > 0.05) over the experimental period. The flexural strength properties of the restorative materials did not change within the time of the study. The study showed that the fluoride release/uptake causes no effect on the mechanical and physical properties of dental materials.