I.

Level I, prospective randomized study.

BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of intertrochanteric femur fractures treated with proximal femoral nail (PFN) and bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BPH) in elderly patients.

Purpose This is a descriptive analysis, of victims of Turkey's October 23, 2011 and November 21, 2011 Van earthquakes. The goal of this study is investigated the injury profile of the both earthquakes in relation to musculoskeletal trauma.Methods We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 3,965 patients admitted to in seven hospitals. A large share of these injuries were soft tissue injuries, followed by fractures, crush injuries, crush syndromes, nerve injuries, vascular injuries, compartment syndrome and joint dislocations. A total Conclusions The results of this study may provide the basis for future development of strategy to optimise attempts at rescue and plan treatment of survivors with musculoskeletal injuries after earthquakes.

AMAÇ23 Ekim 2011 tarihinde Van ilinde deprem meydana geldi. Bu deprem çok büyük yıkıcı bir felaketti ve kitlesel yaralanmalara neden oldu. Burada sunulan tanımlayıcı analizin, yanlız bu çalışma için değil, aynı zamanda daha sonra yaşanabilecek afetler için de bir kaynak olarak kullanılması amaçlanmıştır. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEMDeprem nedeniyle Van Bölge Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesine başvuran hastaların ilk 7 günlük kayıtları geriye dö-nük olarak incelendi. Sonuçlar mevcut literatür ile karşı-laştırıldı. BULGULARDepremzede 1582 hasta (806 erkek, 776 kadın; ort. yaş 36,9) acil servise başvurdu. Hastaların 301'i yatarak tedavi gördü. Hastaların 84'ü (%28) ortopedi ve travmatoloji, 40'ı (%13) genel cerrahi ve çocuk cerrahisi, 26'sı (%9) göğüs cerrahisi, 34'ü (%11) beyin cerrahisi, 56'sı (%19) iç hastalıkları, 39'u (%13) yoğun bakım, 22'si (%7) ise diğer servislere yatırıldı. Ölenlerin sayısı 60 idi. SONUÇDeprem felaketi sonrası mortalite ve morbidite oranı-nı azaltmak için erken ve etkili triyaja önem verilmelidir. Hastalar hastaneye nakledildikten sonra klinik özellikle-rine göre tedavi uygulanmalı ve birçok kliniğin birbiriyle uyumlu ve işbirliği içerisinde çalışmaları sağlanmalıdır.

Intensive physical exercise leads to increases in left ventricular muscle mass and wall thickness. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging allows the assessment of functional and morphological changes in an athlete's heart. In addition, a native T1 mapping technique has been suggested as a non-contrast method to detect myocardial fibrosis. The aim of this study was to show the correlation between athletes' cardiac modifications and myocardial fibrosis with a native T1 mapping technique. A total of 41 healthy non-athletic control subjects and 46 athletes underwent CMR imaging. After the functional and morphological assessments, native T1 mapping was performed in all subjects using 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging. Most of the CMR findings were significantly higher in athletes who had ≥5 years of sports activity when compared with non-athletic controls and athletes who had <5 years of sports activity. Significantly higher results were shown in native T1 values in athletes who had <5 years of sports activity, but there were no significant differences in the left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular end-diastolic mass, or interventricular septal wall thickness between non-athletic controls and athletes who had <5 years of sports activity. The native T1 mapping technique has the potential to discriminate myocardial fibrotic changes in athletes when compared to a normal myocardium. The T1 mapping method might be a feasible technique to evaluate athletes because it does not involve contrast, is non-invasive and allows for easy evaluation of myocardial remodeling.

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Introduction Injuries of the posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee are rare. They are difficult to diagnose and can cause severe disability. This study presents the 20-to 70-month clinical and radiological outcomes of the anatomical reconstruction technique of LaPrade et al. Materials and methods Twenty-one patients with chronic PLC injuries underwent anatomical PLC reconstruction. The anatomical locations of the popliteus tendon, fibular collateral ligament, and popliteofibular ligament were reconstructed using a 2-graft technique. The patients were evaluated subjectively with the Tegner, Lysholm, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective knee scores and objectively with the IKDC objective scores; additionally, varus stress radiographs were taken to evaluate knee stability. Results: Significant (p\0.05) improvements were observed in the postoperative Lysholm, IKDC-s, and Tegner scores compared with preoperatively. The IKDC objective subscores (lateral joint opening at 20 of knee extension, external rotation at 30 and 90 , and the reverse pivot-shift test) had improved significantly at the time of the final 40.9 ± 13.7-month follow-up.Lateralcompartment opening on the varus stress radiographs had decreased significantly in the postoperative period. However, there was still a significant difference compared with the uninjured knee. There was no significant improvement in the IKDC-s, Lysholm, or Tegner scores between the nine patients with isolated PLC injuries and twelve with multiligament injuries. Conclusions: Significant improvement in the objective knee stability scores and clinical outcomes with anatomical reconstruction showed that this technique can be used to treat patients with chronic PLC injured knees. However, longer-term multicentre studies and studies with larger groups comparing multiple techniques are required to determine the best treatment method for PLC injuries.