(-)-α-Bisabolol has a nephroprotective effect in kidney I/R, with antioxidant effect. Moreover, this result seems to be associated to a direct protective effect on tubular epithelia.

A histoplasmose é uma doença fúngica sistêmica, causada pelo fungo Histoplasma capsulatum, este caracteriza-se por ser dimórfico e saprófita. Esta patologia pode ter caráter clínico agudo ou crônico e resultar em infecção subclínica, pulmonar ou disseminada, caracteriza-se por ser a segunda micose de maior ocorrência nos gatos e nesses apresenta baixa morbidade e altas taxas de mortalidade. O diagnóstico pode ser obtido pela cultura fúngica e o tratamento é realizado principalmente a base de itraconazol. Objetivando relatar um caso clínico de histoplasmose felina realizou-se o presente trabalho. Foi atendido um gato sem raça definida, fêmea, de quatro anos de idade, com queixa principal de aumento de volume nasal. Foram solicitados inicialmente exames hematológicos, bioquimicos, citológico da nodulação no plano nasal, teste imunocromatográfico para imunodeficiencia viral felina e leucemia viral felina, e sete dias após, foi solicitada a cultura fúngica. Nos exames hematológicos observou-se trombocitopenia, agregados plaquetários, leucocitose por neutrofilia e hipoalbuminemia. O exame imunocromatográfico para ambas as retroviroses foi negativo. No exame citopatológico foram encontradas estruturas leveduriformes sugestivas de Criptococcus sp.,todavia, na cultura fúngica essas estruturas foram compatíveis com Histoplasma capsulatum. Baseado no resultado do exame citológico, foi prescrito para a paciente itraconazol 10 mg/kg duas vezes ao dia durante 60 dias, este deveria ser iniciado após a realização da cultura fúngica. O animal apresentou melhora significativa a partir de 7 dias do uso do medicamento, com regressão total da nodulação após 26 dias de tratamento. Após os 2 meses de tratamento, houve suspensão da medicação por 19 dias por decisão da tutora e retorno da administração por mais 30 dias no intuito de evitar a remissão da patologia. Com isso pode-se concluir que a histoplasmose nasal é uma afecção fúngica presente na rotina clínica de felinos, exigindo assim do médico veterinário atenção para a sintomatologia e métodos de diagnósticos complementares, bem como, a realização do tratamento e prognóstico de forma correta.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a relevant disease in feline clinic. The tubulointerstitial damage, with collagen deposition and fibrosis, is an important result of this process. The aim of this study was to quantify and correlate the deposition of collagen and severity of interstitial fibrosis (IF) in the kidney from cats in different stages of CKD. Kidney fragments from 10 adult cats with CKD were analyzed and stained by Masson's trichrome (MT) and Picrosirius red (PSR) for circular polarized microscopy. Random quantitative analysis was performed on MT sections to classify the degree of IF, per field area, with and without circular polarization. Statistics correlations were performed by Spearman's (ρ; p < .05). There was a significant correlation of IF quantification with the area of interstitial collagen deposition by polarized PSR (PSRp) (r = .7939, p = .0098) and nonpolarized PSR (PSRn) (r = .7781, p = .0080). There was a positive correlation of serum creatinine (sCr) at different stages of CKD with PSRp (r = .7939, p = .0098), PSRn (r = .8667, p = .0027) and MT (r = .7818, p = .0117). Correlations between the percentage of quantified area was also positive from PSRp to PSRn (r = .9030, p = .0009) and PSRp to MT (r = .7939, p = .0098). The PSRN was also correlated with MT (r = .9273, p = .0001). The correlation with IF and sCr follows the disease evolution and the quantification of collagen by PSR is an excellent tool for analyzing the disease severity at different stages.

Canine endocrinopathies, such as hypothyroidism and hyperadrenocortism,induce typical dermatological alterations. Collagen fibers are significant for the maintenance of structural integrity,as well as in the determination of tissue function. This study aimed at assessing the coloration caused by Picrosirius Red staining under circular polarization and Masson Trichrome staining, as tools to quantify the total collagen in the skin of dogs exhibiting endocrine dermatopathies. Skin samples taken from dogs with hypothyroidism and hyperadrenocorticism were stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Masson’s Trichrome (MT) and Picrosirius Red (PSR). The animals with hyperadrenocorticism revealed a higher percentage of collagen area than did the animals with hypothyroidism PSRp (hypothyroidism = 43.76 ± 0.8255 and hyperadrenocorticism = 47.08 ± 0.8584). The percentage of the collagen area using MT between the groups is given in parenthesis (hypothyroidism = 52.06 ± 0.9371, hyperadrenocorticism = 61 ± 0.7529 and control = 56.88 ± 0.64) (p <0.05). It is therefore, evident that the special stains employed are useful in estimating the percentage of collagen area in the skin, as they revealed that dogs with hypothyroidism had lower collagen deposition whereas those animals with hyperadrenocorticism showed higher quantity of collagen in the dermis.

PRIMER INFORME DE INFECCIÓN NATURAL POR Platynosomum spp. EN GATO DOMÉSTICO EN EL MUNICÍPIO DE FORTALEZA, CEARÁ, BRASILRESUMEN: El Platynosomum spp. es un trematodo que habita en los ductos biliares y en la vesícula biliar de gatos, que se encuentran en todo el mundo en áreas con climas tropicales y subtropicales. Los gatos que viven en estas áreas se infectan al ingerir los vertebrados inferiores, como los lagartos y las ranas. Muchos casos de platinosomosis son asintomáticos, sin embargo, gatos con infecciones graves pueden presentar ictericia generalizada, vómitos, diarrea mucoide, anorexia, pérdida de peso, depresión y la muerte. Los signos clínicos no son específicos y pueden pasar desapercibidos, dificultando así su control y tratamiento. El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido reportar el primer caso confirmado de esta enfermedad en gato domés-tico ocurrido en el municipio de Fortaleza, Ceará. Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que platinosomosis debe ser investigado en gatos de la región, que presenten señales característicos.

Natural history and biological aspects of dipsadidae snakes: P. olfersii, P. patagoniensis and P. nattereri História natural e aspectos biológicos de serpentes dipsadidae: P. olfersii, P. patagoniensis e P.

Background: Envenomation caused by Bothrops alternatus is common in Southern Brazil. Acute Kidney Injury occurs after Bothrops snakebite and more information is necessaryrequired to understand its mechanism. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the effect of Bothrops alternatus venom (BaV) on renal cells and rat isolated kidney function. Methods: Wistar rats (n = 6, weighing 260-320 g) were perfused with a Krebs-Henseleit solution containing 6 g 100 mL-1 of bovine serum albumin. After 30 minutes, the kidneys were perfused with BaV to a final concentration of 1 and 3 μgmL-1; and subsequently were evaluated for Perfusion Pressure (PP), Renal Vascular Resistance (RVR), Urinary Flow (UF), Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), and percentage of electrolyte tubular transport. Renal histological analysis, cytokine release, oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in renal proximal tubular cells were assessed. Results: BaV reduced PP, RVR, GFR, UF, total and proximal sodium transport (%TNa+), and chloride (%TCl-) in the isolated kidney perfusion model. Histological analysis of perfused kidneys disclosed the presence of proteinaceous material in the glomeruli and renal tubules, vacuolar tubular epithelial cell degeneration, Bowman's capsule degeneration, swelling of glomerular epithelial cells, glomerular atrophy and degeneration, and the presence of intratubular protein. Cytokine release (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10) and oxidative stress were increased in the kidneys. The viability of LLC-MK2 cells (IC50: 221.3 μg/mL) was decreased by BaV and necrosis was involved in cell death. Conclusion: These findings indicate that BaV modifies functional parameters in an isolated perfused kidney model and has cytotoxic effects on renal lineage cells.

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) can be defined as a spectrum of diseases associated with a sudden onset of a renal failure status, the feline patient has azotemia, the disorder in fractional electrolyte excretion (FE), and shedding of epithelial cells from renal tubular segments observed in the urinary sediment. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the FE, plasma and urinary osmolality, and urinary specific gravity (USG) in cats that spontaneously developed AKI due to urethral obstruction (UO) and healthy cats. Blood and urine samples were collected from a group of 20 cats diagnosed with AKI secondary to urethral obstruction (GAKI; n=20) and clinically healthy cats (GC; n=15). The serum creatinine (sCre) and urinary creatinine (uCre), were measured by spectrophotometry, serum and urinary analyzes of sodium, potassium and chloride by ion selective electrode device and serum and urinary osmolarity by osmometer. The GAKI results were statistically compared with those of the CG using Student's t tests to assess normal data, while the Maan-Whitney test was used for non-normal data. A significant increase in the sCr, sK, FENa, FECl and RFI parameters of the GAKI cats when compared to the GC (p < 0.05). The sCl, USG, uCr, uK and uOSM parameters decreased significantly when compared between the two groups. Thus, given the established methodology and the results found, it is possible to infer that an increase in EFNa, EFCl in addition to the RFI and a decrease in USG and uOSM were associated with cats with AKI and can serve as markers of kidney damage, as well as monitoring the prognosis.