Several recent studies show that market concentration in the US has increased over time, with firm profits increasing in the same period. The consistency of findings from the US is contrasted by more varying results from studies of the development of market concentration in Europe. In this study, we utilise the completeness of Norwegian microdata to investigate how methodological choices and data limitations impact results with respect to the market concentration and its relationship with profitability. First, we find that concentration in Norway has decreased slightly over the last two decades. Over the same period, profitability has increased slightly for two profitability measures and been stable for the other two. Despite a difference in overall trends, at the industry level, we find a positive and statistically significant relationship between concentration and profitability for three out of four profitability measures, in line with the market power hypothesis. Investigating the effect of methodological choices and data limitations, we find that concentration trends are quite robust to exclusion of smaller companies, the incorporation of ownership structures in concentration measures and the choice of industry classification. However, the positive relationship between concentration and profitability is almost non-existent when using readily available industry classification instead of more product market-oriented industry classifications and disappears completely when we do not exclude export-oriented industries. Our study is relevant for future research, as well as for policymakers, as our results indicate that one should be careful when interpreting results from studies of market concentration that fail to handle these methodological challenges.
PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to estimate the effect of rapid intervention vehicles (RIVs)’ impact on fire department (FDs)' response time.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed multivariate regression analysis of changes in response times before and after introducing RIVs into the FD task force, controlling for expected travel time. Response time analysis based on the database of all emergency fire responses in Norway from 2016 to 2021 was carried out.FindingsIntroducing RIVs into the FDs' task force reduced response times by 53 s on average for every call where an RIV is being deployed, given an average driving length of an emergency call of 6.4 kilometers. The response time is reduced to approximately 37 s independently of driving length, and this effect increases with 2.5 s per km.Originality/valuePrecise estimation of the expected reduced response time was calculated by introducing the first RIV into the FD's task force based on advanced statistical analysis on complete emergency register data. The analysis shows that RIVs have a positive impact on response time in both urban and rural areas, while particularly strong for urban areas.
SAMMENDRAGVi anlyserer akademikeres bidrag til produktivitetsutvikling i norsk markedsrettet naeringsliv over perioden [2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013][2014]. Vi finner at ett prosentpoeng økt akademikerandel i naeringslivet henger sammen med 1,9 prosent høyere verdiskaping per time. Estimatene fanger både opp at akademisk arbeidskraft øker produktiviteten, og at akademisk arbeidskraft søker seg til naeringer med høy produktivitetsvekst. Økt bruk av akademikere henger sammen med større økning i verdiskaping enn lønnkostnader, noe som indikerer at økt bruk av akademikere også gir høyere avkastning for bedriftene. Den positive samvariasjonen mellom akademikere og produktivitet er sterkest i naeringer med lav andel akademikere i utgangspunktet. Nøkkelord akademikere, produktivitet, konkurranseevne, naeringer, regionerThis article is downloaded from www.idunn.no. ABSTRACTWe analyze academics' contribution to productivity in Norwegian competitive business in 2008-2014. We find that one percentage point increased share of academics in business is in line with 1.9 per cent higher productivity per labor hour. Estimates capture that academic skills increase productivity, and that academics seek industries with high productivity growth. Increased use of academics is associated with a larger increase in value creation than the associated salary costs. This indicates that investment in adademic skills is also associated with higher returns in firms. The correlation between academics and productivity is strongest in industries starting off with fewer academics.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.