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This study was undertaken to assess medium-term effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on body weight and glucose homeostasis in severely obese type 2 diabetic (T2DM) subjects. Twenty-five obese T2DM subjects (10 M/15 F, age 45 ± 9 years, BMI 48 ± 8 kg/m2, M ± SD) underwent evaluation of anthropometric/clinical parameters and glucose homeostasis before, 3 and 9–15 months after LSG. Mean BMI decreased from 48 ± 8 kg/m2 to 40 ± 9 kg/m2 (P < .001) at 3 months and 34 ± 6 kg/m2 (P < .001) at 9–15 months after surgery. Remission of T2DM (fasting plasma glucose < 126 mg/dL and HbA1c < 6.5% in the absence of hypoglycemic treatment) occurred in all patients but one. There was a remarkable reduction in the percentage of patients requiring antihypertensive and hypolipidemic drugs. Our study shows that LSG is effective in producing a significant and sustained weight loss and improving glucose homeostasis in severely obese T2DM patients.

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An efficient implementation of the full-wave openended-coaxial-line analysis is presented in this paper. The involved integrals are approached in such a way that the admittance is accurately calculated. Moreover, the calculus time is noticeably reduced. This technique is particularly useful when repeated analysis are performed as occurs, e.g., when measuring permittivity.

Background: Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) and Sleeve 30 Gastrectomy (SG) are performed in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Aim of this study is to evaluate retrospectively the clinical efficacy of RYGB and SG in two groups of obese T2DM patients. Methods: From the hospital database, we extracted the clinical records of 31 obese T2DM patients, of whom 15 (7F/8M) had undergone laparoscopic SG (LSG) and 16 (7F/9M) laparoscopic RYGB (LRYGB) in the period 2005-2008. The groups were comparable for age (range 33-59y) and BMI (range 38-57kg/m2). LRYGB alimentary limb was 150cm and biliopancreatic limb was 150cm from Treitz ligament. LSG vertical transection was calibrated on a 40F oro-gastric bougie. Data were analyzed at 6,12 and 18-24 months with reference to 40 weight loss and remission of comorbidities. Results: The reduction in body weight was comparable in the two groups. At 18-24 months the percent BMI reduction was 29±8 and 33±11% in LSG and LRYGB, respectively. Percent excess weight loss was 53±16 and 52±19% in LSG and LRYGB, respectively. Thirteen patients in LSG and 14 patients in LRYGB discontinued their hypoglycemic medications. Five (55%) patients in LSG and 8 (89%) in LRYGB discontinued antihypertensive drugs. Three out of 5 patients in LSG and one out of two patients in LRYGB withdrew lipid lowering agents. Conclusions: LSG and LRYGB are equally effective in terms of weight loss and remission of obesity-related comorbidities. Controlled long-term comparisons are needed to establish the optimal procedure in relation to patients’ characteristics.

BS leads to an early improvement of fasting and postprandial lipemia. The fall in fasting triglycerides is associated with an improvement of insulin resistance, while the reduction of postprandial lipemia is likely related to reduced intestinal lipid absorption consequent to bariatric surgery.

LAGB in a safe and effective procedure in patients with a BMI <35 kg/m(2).

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that changes in the lifestyle, in particular in the dietary habits, strongly contribute to the development of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. In the past two decades, in many western countries, type and mode of consumption of daily food intake changed accordingly to the changes in the rhythms of life. The solution of consuming fast food is obviously time-saving but it associated to the strong enhancement in the intake of calories, saturated fats, soluble carbohydrates and salt. All these nutrients are able to deteriorate the metabolic profile of the cardiovascular risk. Moreover the habitual consumption of fast food has been frequently indicated as one of the main causes of the lack of dialogue in the family, which is no-more gathered around the table to consume dinner.The alternative choice to the fast food is the slow food that promotes the recovery of the taste and quality of food, based on the traditions of the Mediterranean diet. In particular, this type of diet is rich in indigestible carbohydrates, unsaturated lipids, vegetable, proteins and potassium, which is the first physiological sodium antagonist. This diet has been proved to beneficially affect blood pressure regulation, to reduce serum lipids, blood glucose and cardiovascular risk profile. Moreover particular attempt to the size of portions is also able to prevent increase in body weight, which is one of the most important undesirable effects of the Mediterranean diet. Fans of the slow food suggest to consume the meal sitting around a carefully prepared table, enjoying talks and food, in order to antagonize the stress of the daily life in the 21 st century.Aim of this paper is to show two different menu, one typical of the fast food and the second typical of the slow food philosophy, and discuss about their composition along with the effects of their macronutrients on blood pressure, body weight, serum lipids and blood glucose.