Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia is common in individuals with insulin resistance, and diets enriched in 1,3-diacylglycerol (DAG) may reduce postprandial plasma triglycerides (PPTGs). We enrolled 25 insulin-resistant, nondiabetic individuals in a double-blind, randomized crossover trial to test the acute and chronic effects of a DAG-enriched diet on PPTG. Participants received either DAG or triacylglycerol (TAG) oil, in food products, for 5 weeks. Fasting lipids, and two separate postprandial tests, one with DAG oil and one with TAG oil, were performed at the end of each 5 week diet period. We found no acute or chronic effects of DAG oil on PPTG. Thus, neither the DAG oil PPTG (h/mg/dl) on a chronic TAG diet [area under the curve (AUC) 5 503 6 439] nor the TAG oil PPTG on a chronic DAG diet (AUC 5 517 6 638) was different from the TAG oil PPTG on a chronic TAG diet (AUC 5 565 6 362). Five weeks of a DAG-enriched diet had no acute or chronic effects on PPTG in insulin-resistant individuals. We suggest further studies to evaluate the effects of DAG on individuals with low and high TG levels.-Reyes, G
We describe a method to maintain an acceptable quality for video transported over wireless networks under timevarying conditions. We use a transcoder to modify the resilience of the encoded bitstream by using source coding techniques to provide the appropriate level of resilience for the prevailing channel conditions. We develop a statistical model for image loss versus resilience and wireless conditions. Simulation results indicate that using a transcoder to adjust the resilience can improve video quality when errors occur without significantly sacrificing quality when there are no errors. Also, simulation results compare favorably to the analytical model.reasons. First, in multicast, an encoder can only produce a single bitstream, while each receiver may have different capabilities due to the characteristics of both the end terminal and the channel. Second, in applications in which a compressed video bitstream is stored for future delivery, the encoder cannot directly change the resilience of the bitstream. Third, an encoder designed for use on a wired channel is usually not "wireless aware," in that it operates without knowledge of any wireless hops between the encoder and the decoder. There is, and will continue to be, an embedded base of encoders designed to generate bitstreams optimized for reasons other than resilience in wireless channels. Therefore, in this paper, we examine the use of a transcoder to modify an already encoded bitstream for the purpose of improving its resilience prior to transmission over a noisy wireless channel.
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