The objective of this study was to develop a load/yield monitor for mounting on a processing tomato harvester. A continuous mass flow-ype yield-ensing device equipped with load cells and a vibration-resistant angle transducer along with a differential global positioning system (DGPS) was developed to collect spatially variable yield data in real-time. Both analog and digital signal processing were employed to maximise the accuracy of data acquisition. The yield monitoring system was calibrated, validated, and tested during the 1997 harvesting season. The coefficient of determination, r 2 , between the actual fruit weight and the yield monitor prediction was 0.997. The system was then used to measure yield variability and produce yield maps. There were significant spatial variations in processing tomato yield. The lowest 20% yielding area within a field produced less than half the tomatoes compared to the highest 20% yielding area within the same field.
This study was conducted to assess tolerance of barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars to spot blotch. The barley cultivars Parkland, Bonanza and Laurier inoculated with spores of Bipolaris sorokiniana developed approximately the same level of spot blotch symptoms in the field. Natural disease development was minimal in plots treated with mancozeb; it was intermediate in uninoculated and untreated plots. Reduction of grain yield and grain weight differed with each cultivar. Disease had the most depressing effects on Parkland. Disease severity was highest on Laurier which suffered the least decrease in grain yield and grain weight compared to the checks. Yield and seed weight of Bonanza were not affected by low or moderate disease levels (checks) but were reduced when symptoms were severe (inoculations).Key words: Barley, cultivars, spot blotch, Bipolaris sorokiniana, tolerance, mancozeb
The influence of temperature, culture medium, and age of colony on the morphology of conidia of Verticillium albo-atrum, V. dahliae, and V. nigrescens was determined. Staining solutions were used to follow the development of lipids, cytoplasm, and vacuole in conidia. The spore sizes of the Verticillium isolates differed in various culture media, temperature, and periods of growth. Spore contents could not be used to differentiate species. Spore size, therefore, is not justifiable as the only criterion for species determination in Verticillium.
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