Tongka langit banana peel is an organic waste that has not been widely used by the community and has a pectin content of about 10.41%. Pectin extraction from banana peels should thus be done effectively to utilize waste. The objective of this research was to characterize the properties of pectin extracted from banana tongka langit peel with the different extraction times. A completely randomized experimental design with 3 level treatment extraction time of banana tongka langit peel, i.e., 1 hour, 1,5 hours, and 2 hours with three replicates was applied in this research. The properties evaluated, including equivalent weight, methoxyl content, galacturonate acid, esterification degree, yield, moisture content, and ash content. Result showed that equivalent weight (757.88 mg, 735.48 mg, and 699.8 mg), methoxyl content (5.10%, 5.17%, and 5.44%), galacturonate acid (52.22%, 53.32%, and 56.08%), esterification degree (55.07%, 55.12%, and 55.43%), moisture content (9.99%, 9.90%, and 9.85%), ash (6.17%, 6.23%, and 6,46%), and yield (8.35%, 8.93%, and 9.2%). Keywords: banana tongka langit peel, pectin, extraction time ABSTRAK Kulit pisang tongka langit merupakan limbah organik yang belum banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat dan memiliki kandungan pektin sebanyak 10,41%. Ekstraksi pektin dari kulit pisang tongka langit harus dilakukan secara efektif dalam memanfaatkan limbah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi pektin kulit pisang tongka langit berdasarkan waktu ekstraksi pektin yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari tiga tingkat perlakuan waktu ekstraksi pektin kulit pisang tongka langit yaitu 1 jam, 1,5 jam, dan 2 jam dengan 3 kali ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap berat ekuivalen, kadar metoksil, kadar asam galakturonat, derajat esterifikasi, rendemen, kadar air, dan kadar abu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai berat ekuivalen (757,88% mg, 735,48 mg, dan 699,80 mg), kadar metoksil (5,10%, 5,17%, dan 5,44%), kadar asam galakturonat (52,22%, 53,32%, dan 56,08%), nilai derajat esterifikasi (55,07%, 55,12%, dan 55,43%), kadar air (9,99%, 9,90%, dan 9,85%), kadar abu (6,17%, 6,23%, dan 6,46%), dan rendemen (8,35%, 8,93%, dan 9,2%). Kata kunci: kulit pisang tongka langit, pektin, waktu ekstraksi
Instant porridge is sereal-based food that can be combined with fruits so it will contain better nutrition. To improve the nutrition value of instant porridge then substitute of one kind of banana originally from Maluku is Tongka langit banana. A good quality of instant porridge has a high nutrition and a best physical property. This research aims to characterize of the physical properties instant porridge that are substituted by Tongka langit banana flour and the rice flour. The design that is applied is completely randomized design with four levels of treatment in comparing the substitution between Tongka langit banana flour and the rice flour as follow 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%. According to the result of this research, the physical characteristic of instant porridge that are substituted by Tongka langit banana flour are bulk density (0.84-0.89 g/mL), water absorption index (3.49-4.05%), and water solubility index (0.02-0.04%).
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakteristik pati sagu ihur alami (PSIA) yang dimodifikasi dengan perlakuan hidrolisis asam. Rancangan yang digunakan yaitu rancangan acak lengkap non-faktorial dengan empat taraf perlakuan yaitu PSIA, hidrolisis asam (PSIHA) menggunakan HCl 1,1 N, 2,2 N, atau 3,3 N. Parameter yang diukur meliputi karakteristik fisik antara lain warna, kemampuan menggelembung, daya larut, kejernihan pasta, dan sifat amilografi. Karakteristik kimia meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, dan amilosa sedangkan karakteristik fungsional yaitu kadar pati resistan (RS). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan hidrolisis asam menyebabkan perubahan terhadap sifat fisik warna pati dimana nilai kecerahan (L*) pati hidrolisis asam (80,89) lebih tinggi dibandingkan PSIA (80,29). Sebaliknya nilai kemerahan (a*) dan kekuningan (b*) PSIHA (5,13-6,34 dan 13,21-15,39) lebih rendah dibandingkan PSIA (8,62 dan 18,24). Perlakuan asam juga menyebabkan kemampuan menggelembung PSIHA (43,88-50,65%) mengalami penurunan dibandingkan PSIA, tetapi meningkatkan daya larut (8,92-12,34%) dan kejernihan pasta (74,70-77,73% T). Untuk sifat kimia, kadar air pati sagu hidrolisis asam (8,72-15,01%) dan kadar abu (0,22-0,37%) relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan pati alaminya, namun perlakuan asam menurunkan kadar amilosa (18,29-27,22%) dan kadar RS (0,06-0,37%). PSIHA memiliki kestabilan yang lebih baik selama pemanasan dengan breakdown viscosity yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan PSIA, serta kecenderungan teretrogradasi lebih rendah, yaitu ditunjukkan nilai setback viscosity yang rendah, dan lebih mudah mengalami gelatinisasi.Kata kunci: Hidrolisis asam; sifat fungsional; sagu ihur; sifat fisiko-kimia; resistant starch ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to characterize modified Ihur sago starch as affected by treatment of acid hydrolysis. A completely randomized experimental non-factorial design was used in this research with four levels of treatments, i.e. native ihur sago starch, HCl concentrations of 1.1 N, 2.2 N, or 3.3 N, subsequently. Physical properties such as color, swelling power, solubility, and paste clarity were measured in this research. Moisture, ash, and amylose content were determined as chemical properties, while the resistant starch (RS) content was determined for its functional properties. Results showed that starch treated with acid hydrolysis caused changes to physical properties in comparison with native starch. These included higher (80.93-81.89) degree of whiteness (L*) than native starch (80.29), lower redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) than native (8.26 and 18.24) having the value of 5.13-6.34, and 13.21-15.39, respectively. Acid hydrolysis not only caused a decrease in swelling power (43.88-50.56%), but also an increase in solubility (8.92-12.34%) and paste clarity (74.70-77.73% T) compared to native starch. Higher moisture and ash content having the value of 8.72-15.01% and 0.22-0.37%, correspondingly but lower amylose (18.29-27.22%) and RS content were obtained by acid hydrolysis starch in co...
Tongka langit banana is one of the particular indigenous fruits in Maluku. Tongka langit banana contain high nutrients including pro vitamin A and has a lot of health benefits. However, it is also a perishable product, and would deteriorate if not processed or not completely consumed. Therefore, this banana should be processed into diverse products. It can be processed into intermediate product such as flour, which can be further applied in crackers making. Variables observed on crackers including taste, aroma, colour, texture and overall likeness. Results showed that crackers made from 40% banana flour and 60% wheat flour were mostly liked by panelists in terms of taste, colour, aroma, texture and overall likeness.
Red, yellow and white corn are types of corn locally originate from Moa Island. These three types of corn are still consumed and processed traditionally, whereas these can be processed into flour as basic ingredients for food diversification. The aim of the research was to determine physicochemical properties of types of flour from several corn types of Moa Island, South west Moluccas Regency. Results showed that flour yield were in the ranger of 84.73-91.98%, bulk density of 0.83 g/cm3. moisture of 5.38-6.01%, ash content of 0.26-0.44%, fat content of 0.39-0.43%, protein content of 8.01-8.39%, carbohydrate of 84.92 -86.36%, and fiber content of 8.56-9.36%. Keywords: corn flour, local varieties, Moa Island, physicochemical characteristics ABSTRAK Jagung merah, jagung kuning, dan jagung putih merupakan jenis jagung lokal yang berasal dari Pulau Moa. Ketiga jenis jagung tersebut oleh masyarakat setempat masih diolah secara tradisional, padahal jagung-jagung tersebut dapat diolah menjadi tepung sebagai bahan dasar untuk diversifikasi pangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkarakteristik sifat fisikokimia beberapa jenis tepung jagung asal Pulau Moa Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rendemen tepung jagung berkisar antara 84,73-91,98%, densita kamba memiliki nilai yang sama yaitu 0,83 g/cm3 kadar air berkisar antara 5,38-6,01%, kadar abu berkisar antara 0,26-0,44%, kadar lemak berkisar antara 0,39-0,43%, kadar protein berkisar antara 8,01-8,39%, kadar karbohidrat berkisar antara 84,92-86,36%, dan kadar serat berkisar antara 8,56-9,36%. Kata kunci: karakteristik fisikokimia, tepung jagung, Pulau Moa, varietas lokal
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