Objective:To isolate, determine the frequency, and study the demographic trends of MBL positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa from imipenem resistant isolates collected from clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan.Methods:In this cross sectional study a total of 230 strains of Pseudomonas were isolated from various clinical specimens on the basis of culture and biochemical tests. Imipenem resistant isolates were selected by Kirby Bauer Diffusion technique, followed by screening for MBL production by Imipenem EDTA Combined Disk Test. Demographic details of each patient were recorded on a separate questionnaire. Chi-Square goodness-of-fit test was computed to review the isolation of MBL positive isolates (P-value ≤ 0.05) in different specimen.Results:Out of 230 strains of P. aeruginosa 49.5% were imipenem resistant; MBL production was confirmed in 64.9% of the resistant isolates. Resistance to polymyxin B (12.5%) was notable. Majority of the MBL positive strains were isolated from patients aged between 20-39 years (45.9%) and the predominant source was pus (43.24%) which was found to be statistically significant (P-value=0.04). Outpatient departments (24.3%) and burn unit (21.6%) were the major places for resistant isolates.Conclusion:MBL production is one of the major causes of IRPA. Increasing resistance to polymyxin B is grave. Due to acquisition of MBL strains MDR P. aeruginosa has become endemic in tertiary setups.
The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between the managing for stakeholders approach and corporate environmental sustainability. Focused on the debates on the impacts that organizations and their stakeholders have on society's welfare, our conceptual paper proposes a rationale addressing the question: In what ways does managing for stakeholders may influence corporate environmental sustainability? To this end, we analyze previous literature on managing stakeholders focused on how firms address stakeholders' environmental concerns and previous literature on corporate sustainability focused on managing stakeholders' expectations.There is a fit between adopting a managing for stakeholders approach and encouraging firms to become more environmentally sustainable. Furthermore, our rationale argues that this approach may also influence firms to build closer relationships with stakeholders by adopting transparent practices and proactive environmental strategies, impacting synergic value creation, stakeholder engagement, and overall performance. Finally, we argue for a novel approach to link managing for stakeholders and corporate sustainability while suggesting propositions for future investigation and implications for practitioners.
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