BACKGROUND: There has been little evidence to suggest that the IL-6 -174G>C and IL-10 -1082A>G polymorphisms are significantly associated with susceptibility to celiac disease. Thus, we performed the present meta-analysis to explore the potential association between these polymorphisms and celiac disease risk. METHODS: Eligible studies were searched in PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science and CNKI database up to April 20, 2019. Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were calculated to assess the potential associations. Moreover, we performed the heterogeneity, sensitivity, and publication bias tests to clarify and validate the pooled results. RESULTS: Overall, nine case-control studies involving five studies with 737 cases and 1,338 control on IL-6 -174G>C polymorphism and four studies with 923 cases and 864 controls on IL-10 -1082A>G polymorphism were selected. The pooled ORs showed that the IL-6 -174G>C and IL-10 -1082A>G polymorphisms were not significantly associated with increased risk of celiac disease under all five genetic models. There was no publication bias. CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis summarizing all of the available studies on the association of IL-6 -174G>C and IL-10 -1082A>G polymorphisms with celiac disease. Our results suggest that the IL-6 -174G>C and IL-10 -1082A>G polymorphisms may not be associated with increased risk of celiac disease. Moreover, large and well-designed studies are needed to fully describe the association of IL-6 -174G>C and IL-10 -1082A>G polymorphisms with celiac disease.

INTRODUCTION: Serum phospholipid omega-3 fatty acid levels in patients suffering from both type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) are lower than in their healthy counterparts. Omega-3 supplementation can be effective in controlling glycemic indices in T2DM, and in improving lipid profiles in T2DM and NAFLD as well. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on glycemic control and lipid profile in patients with T2DM and NAFLD. METHODS: In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 60 patients with T2DM and NAFLD were enrolled. The participants were randomly divided into two groups. The omega-3 group (OG) received capsules containing omega-3 fatty acids (2g/d), and the placebo group (PG) received placebo capsules (2g/d) during a12 week period. Dietary intake was assessed with 24-hour dietary recalls. Fasting blood samples and anthropometric measurements were collected at the baseline and after 12 weeks. Serum levels of glycemic indices (fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)) and lipid profile (levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c)) were measured. RESULTS: Fifty-six patients completed the study. Paired t-test revealed no significant differences in the baseline measurements between the two groups. At the end of the study compared with the PG, the OG had a significant reduction in serum TG levels. However, there was no significant effect of omega-3 supplementation on the other parameters: the mean FBG or HbA1c concentration, neither on TC, LDL-c and HDL-c levels. CONCLUSION: Two grams per day of omega-3 supplementation after 12 weeks led to a significant reduction in serum TG levels in patients with T2DM and NAFLD. However, no significant effects were observed on FBG, HbA1c, TC, LDL-c, and HDL-c levels.

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BackgroundPrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an uncommon chronic and progressive cholestatic liver disease. There is a robust association between PSC and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), usually Ulcerative Colitis (UC). According to the review of literature, the incidence of de novo IBD after solid organ transplantation (SOT) is found to be higher than general population. Considering lacking of any systematic review and pursuing debate on the clinical course and risk factors of IBD activity after Liver Transplantation (LT), the present study will be performed with a focus investigation on the correlation of IBD clinical course with liver transplantation. MethodsIn this systematic review, the electronic databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, WoS (Clarivate Analytics), Embase (Embase.com), and ProQuest will be searched. Our search strategy (i.e. The eligibility criteria) covers prospective and retrospective observational studies that evaluated the clinical course of ulcerative colitis or/and Crohn’s disease after liver transplantation with no language limitation published between 1970.01.01 and 2020.03.30. The selection phase, data extraction and quality assessment will be independently implemented by two authors. In case of any disagreement between the authors, the issue will be resolved by consensus; if not resolved, the opinion of a third expert will be asked. We will use one of the following two models: Random Effect Model or Fixed Effect Model according to the severity of methodological heterogeneity and forest plot will present the combination of data obtained from all finally included studies, to show the separated and combined frequency and their corresponding 95% CIs. Statistical heterogeneity will be evaluated by the Q-statistic test and I2 statistics. Funnel plot for assessing the potential reporting bias, Begg's and Egger's tests for meaningful results of the publication bias, and the Fill & Trim method for corrected publication bias will be used. DiscussionThis systematic review and meta-analysis study will clarify the correlation of IBD clinical course with liver transplantation. Because of the importance of inflammatory bowel disease, if the future study reveals consistent results, it will be clinically beneficial for physicians and other health care professionals to better manage inflammatory bowel disease after liver transplantation.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, CRD42020179412.