This paper describes a decision support system developed to assist railroad managers in day-to-day as well as long term planning of train operation and study advantages of augmentation of infrastructure. The model simulates train movements on a railroad based on track geometry, speed restrictions, locomotives & wagon characteristics, train schedule and interaction with all other trains over a section and/or a corridor. The model helps in introducing and optimally scheduling train services. An attempt has been made in this paper to exploit potential of AI, Simulation, and operational research (OR) techniques. The user is presented with an integrated environment enabling him to easily modify, validate and implement different methods of train operation through an English-like knowledge-base, and to simulate train operations to carry out studies for different trafic mixes, track geometry, assigning blocks and temporary speed restrictions and failure conditions.
International audienceProviding evidence from Hindi, the present study determines the crucial role played by the protasis (or antecedent or P-clause) in the actualization of conditional constructions. It maintains that tense-aspect-mood elements of the protasis establish different degrees of hypotheticality in a conditional statement. The paper questions some widespread misunderstandings about the clause ordering in conditional constructions, namely that condi-tionals can exhibit both the protasis-apodosis (P-Q) and apodosis-protasis (Q-P) orderings. By examining data from Hindi and making reference to data from other languages, the paper reiterates our earlier claim that protasis-apodosis ordering in conditional constructions cannot be reversed and advances a new idea that a 'conditional string' is the defining characteristic of a conditional construction. In other words, it is either the proposition contained in the apodosis – not the entire apodosis – which is pre-posed by the speaker to accomplish different communicative tasks, or the entire 'conditional string' which is added to a non-conditional statement to give it conditional dimensions
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.