Abstract. Atoui A, Boudour L, Chaib G, Nabil B. 2021. Evaluation of diversity in some genotypes of Algerian durum wheat using agronomical and biochemical markers. Biodiversitas 22: 2005-2011. In Algeria, wheat occupies a preponderant place regarding its food richness, and its agronomic characteristics. Quantification and characterization of the local genetic material of different species constitute a strategic axis for the improvement of these species. To quantify the diversity that may exist between nine genotypes belonging to the durum variety “valenciae” mainly cultivated in Algeria, biochemical and agronomical parameters were studied. The obtained results revealed highly significant differences for all measured agronomical parameters and a significant positive relationship between grain yield and its compounds. Protein profiles obtained using SDS-PAGE allowed us to split the total seed proteins. The obtained gel has shown different bands with molecular weights ranging from 17 to 122.09 KDa of which ten monomorphic bands, eight polymorphic bands and Three Unique bands in G6 and G9. The total protein polymorphism revealed an intra-varietal variability. This study will help breeders better select genotypes to be used in the Algerian wheat breeding program.
Abstract. Boudersa N, Chaib G, Atoui A, Cherfia R, Bouderbane H, Boudour L. 2021. Assessment of biological and agronomic diversity of seven durum wheat varieties cultivated in the Northeastern region of Algeria. Biodiversitas 22: 1025-1036. The present work was carried out during the 2017/2018 agricultural season, at the experimental station of the ‘Institut Technique des Grandes Cultures’ (ITGC) – El Khroub, Constantine, Algeria. The main objective of this study was the evaluation and the characterization of seven varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) in terms of their behavior and yield. For these reasons, several phenological, morpho-physiological, and biochemical traits, as well as the yield with its components were studied. The obtained results showed a significant variety effect, in particular, for the variables corresponding to the production and to the tolerance. The analysis of the correlation coefficients indicated that the number of spikes per m2, the number of grains spike-1, and the rate of chlorophyll pigments in the leaves were the most related characteristics to grain yield. Indirect selection for breeding productivity through these traits could prove to be effective. Besides, it revealed that tall varieties displayed better resistance to possible hazards; had high relative water content (RWC), accumulated more soluble sugars and proline, as well as, they showed a low level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to other varieties. In addition, this study allowed us to determine many relationships between the studied parameters, that can make a contribution in both the productivity and the adaptation improvement programs of the durum wheat.
Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) is a strategic culture in Algeria. Characterization and evaluation of crop varieties allow backup and restoration of this genetic heritage and its use in breeding programs. In this context, the study is subject to the identification of some morphophenological parameters and molecular markers in kind RAPD variability of 20 genotypes of collection of Algerian durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Belong to two varieties (rechenbachi and leucomelan). The results of the morpho-phenological and genetic analysis show substantial phenotypic diversity between varieties. RAPD marker showed an intervarietal genetic polymorphism.Keywords: durum wheat (Triticum durum), phenological, morphological, RAPD markers, genetic polymorphism. ResuméLe blé dur (Triticum durum Desf.) est une culture stratégique en Algérie. La caractérisation et l'évaluation des variétés cultivées permettent la sauvegarde et la réhabilitation de ce patrimoine génétique ainsi que son utilisation dans des programmes de sélection. Dans ce contexte, l'étude a fait objet de la mise en évidence de quelques paramètres morpho-phénologiques, et des marqueurs moléculaires type RAPD dans la variabilité d'une collection de 20 génotypes de blé dur algérien (Triticum durum Desf.) appartiennent à deux variétes (rechenbachi et leucomelan).Les résultats de l'analyse morpho-phénologique et génétique montrent une importante European Scientific Journal August 2016 edition vol.12, No.24 ISSN: 1857 -7881 (Print) e -ISSN 1857 169 diversité phénotypique entre les variétés. Les marqueur RAPD ont mis en évidence un polymorphisme génétique intervariétale.
The biological and agronomic characterization of cereals constitutes a pre-liminary and essential step for the assessment of genetic diversity state which must be valued, exploited and known in a clear and complete manner in order to be able to exploit them in improvement and adaptation programs of cereals. In this context, our study was carried out during the 2018/2019 agricultural campaign on the experimental site of the technical institute of field crops ITGC of El Khroub (Constantine, Algeria). Its objective was to char-acterize the biological and agronomic diversity in two cereal species, bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) by evaluating many pheno-morphological, physiological and biochemical characters as well as production traits (agronomic traits). The correlation coefficients analysis between traits indicates that the short and early heading varieties which accumulate less proline are more productive than varieties which are charac-terized by long straw and late heading in both species. However, it has been noted that barley varieties reach heading before bread wheat varieties. In addition, it shows that the grain yield is positively correlated with these com-ponents, in particular with the number of seeds per ear, the number of ears per square meter, and with the following parameters: the surface of the flag leaf and its content of chlorophyll pigments, the totality of the ear character-istics such as the length of the ear neck. These results lead us to say that an indirect selection via these crops can be beneficial for the production and improvement programs of cereals.
As the prevention of the risks is one of the major stakes of any industrial activity, a priori, the evaluation of these risks constitutes one of the principal progress levers of the risks prevention step at a company. It is an opportunity to engage a prevention step in order to preserve health and to improve the employees' safety at work. However, as the companies are increasingly concerned of hygiene and quality, health at the work should be taken into account with the same interest. From now on, with the evolution unceasingly of the working conditions and the new risks emergence, the physical and moral safety insurance of the whole of the employees working for the company, the legal safety insurance and the safeguarding of the financial safety of the company are essential and become a permanent requirement. So people in charge for safety in the various companies must become aware of the prevention importance in the various tasks. For this reason, this paper aims to be an information tool, sensitizing and mobilization for better backache prevention. Currently, this backache constitutes a true plague at work and a major problem of public health because of its human and socio-economic repercussions.
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