-(Monoraphidium and Ankistrodesmus (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) from Pantanal dos Marimbus, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Brazil).This study aimed to identify taxa belonging to the genera Monoraphidium and Ankistrodesmus (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) in two wetland areas of Pantanal dos Marimbus (Baiano and Remanso) in the Marimbus-Iraquara Environmental Protection Area, Bahia State, Brazil, and contribute to the knowledge of Chlorophyceae of Bahia State and Brazil. The materials studied, which were of periphytic and metaphytic origin, came from 64 samples collected in April and June 2011. We identified 18 taxa, 13 from Monoraphidium and five from Ankistrodesmus. Eight taxa were additions to the continental microalgae flora of Northeastern Brazil. Two taxa rarely found in Brazil were collected during the study: Monoraphidium dybowskii and M. litorale.

The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora.

Studies of the microalgae in bromeliad phytotelmata in northeastern Brazil revealed the occurrence of some interesting desmids—including new and rare taxa, besides new records for South America. Additionally, we reconsidered some taxa previously recorded in the study area, providing new information and ecological data, as well as SEM images. A total of 19 desmids were identified, 18 from Serra da Jiboia (granite outcrops) and one from Itaberaba (in the “Caatinga” dryland domain). Taxonomic notes and ecological characteristics of the studied taxa are included, as well as a checklist of all of the desmids recorded in Brazilian bromeliad phytotelmata.

The present study presents 11 new additions of coccoid green algae to the phycoflora of Brazil, including the first record of the genus Westellopsis for the neotropical region. Samples of periphyton and plankton were collected in two areas of the Marimbus Wetlands (the Marimbus do Baiano and Marimbus do Remanso, within the Marimbus-

No abstract

The first record of the genus Rhopalosolen Fott (Chlorophyta) for Brazil is presented here. Taxonomic studies on phytotelm algae are, in general, scarce, but especially are so in semi-arid regions such as the Caatinga. Here, we sampled 60 bromeliads in the Itaberaba's municipality, Bahia state, and we identified Rhopalosolen cylindricus, a green algae species not previously recorded for Brazil. Additionally, our data provide an expansion on the known distribution of the species and their morphological and reproductive aspects as well as microhabitat conditions and frequency of occurrence. Key wordsBahia; bromeliads; drought; microcosms; Trebouxiophyceae.

Cosmarium bahianum sp. nov. is described from samples collected from a bromeliad tank (phytotelmata) in a “restinga” area located at Salvador, Bahia State, northeast Brazil. Cosmarium bahianum belongs to the group of placoderm desmids, and is mainly characterized by rather small, smooth-walled, but remarkably punctate cells that are elliptic to subtriangular in apical view, as well as by a globose to elliptical, smooth-walled zygospore. The new species was collected from Hohenbergia littoralis J.B.Smith, an endangered endemic bromeliad species from the Brazilian Restinga with distribution restricted to the north coast of Bahia. The relationship of C. bahianum with morphologically similar species is discussed.

-(Scenedesmaceae (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae) from two areas of the Marimbus Pantanal (Baiano and Remanso), Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Brazil). This work deal with the taxonomy of the Family Scenedesmaceae from Marimbus Pantanal, Environmental Protection Area Marimbus-Iraquara, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Brazil. Samples from the periphyton and plankton were collected in two areas of the Marimbus Pantanal (Baiano and Remanso) during the dry season (April, June, and August 2011) and the rainy season (October, December 2011, and February 2012). This study describes 27 taxa, including 18 additions to the phycological flora of Bahia. Keywords: coccoid green algae, Coelastrum, Desmodesmus, Scenedesmus, taxonomy RESUMO -(Scenedesmaceae (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae) de duas áreas do Pantanal dos Marimbus (Baiano e Remanso), Chapada Diamantina, Estado da Bahia, Brasil). Este estudo trata do estudo taxonômico da família Scenedesmaceae do Pantanal dos Marimbus, Área de Proteção Ambiental Marimbus-Iraquara, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil. As amostras provenientes do perifíton e do plâncton foram coletadas em duas áreas do Pantanal dos Marimbus (Baiano e Remanso), durante o período seco (abril, junho e agosto de 2011) e o período chuvoso (outubro, dezembro de 2011 e fevereiro de 2012). São descritos 27 táxons, dos quais 18 são adições a flora ficológica da Bahia.