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The present study used a clinically applicable microbiological method to correlate Streptococcus mutans counts and dental caries prevalence in young children. The study population consisted of 37 subjects, between 16 and 60 months of age. Using a sterile tongue depressor, samples of unstimulated saliva were obtained from subjects and inoculated onto elevated agar plates containing a selective medium. Plates were incubated anaerobically at 37 °C for 48 h. χ² and multiple regression analyses gave highly significant relationships (p < 0.01) between dental caries prevalence and the number of S. mutans colonies.

The great amount of radiological information which Cone-beam CT can offer not only improves pre-operative and surgical planning, but the 3D models provided can be used to further educate and inform patients and guardians in the management of double teeth.