The airborne backscatter measurements at 10.6 μm, from the South Atlantic Backscatter Lidar Experiment (SABLE) and the Global Atmospheric Backscatter Lidar Experiment (GABLE) programs over the Atlantic, are gathered together and presented. Plots of backscatter versus altitude are shown for 80 flight sequences. These data comprising about 4×105 measurements from over 180 flight hours is statistically analyzed. The material is distributed in altitude (1 km) and backscatter (half decade) intervals and presented in tabular and histogram form for six principal regions and seasons: South Atlantic summer, South Atlantic winter, far‐North Atlantic spring, mid‐Atlantic spring/summer, and Northeast Atlantic winter and summer. Several features of the results are discussed, including the incidence of low backscatter and drop‐outs and the remarkably high incidence of thin cirrus in the southern tropical winter season. The compendium should provide a climatology of atmospheric backscatter at 10.6 μm for regions of the Atlantic during the relatively clean atmospheric period 1988–1990.
The one-dimensional dynamic state of the ground model FASST (Fast All-season Soil Strength) is a state of the ground model developed by Frankenstein and Koenig (2004) as part of the Army's Battlespace Terrain Reasoning and Awareness (BTRA) research program. In its original form, the only effects vegetation had on FASST were to change the surface albedo and emissivity. Recently, a two tier, multilayer vegetation algorithm was added. These can be implemented separately or together. Both alter the soil surface energy and moisture budgets. In this report we will discuss the energy balance equations used to solve for the low vegetation, canopy and ground temperatures. In solving these equations, the effects of precipitation interception and soil moisture modification attributable to rootuptake are incorporated.
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FASST Vegetation Models iii
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