The APS Journal Legacy Content is the corpus of 100 years of historical scientific research from the American Physiological Society research journals. This package goes back to the first issue of each of the APS journals including the American Journal of Physiology, first published in 1898. The full text scanned images of the printed pages are easily searchable. Downloads quickly in PDF format.
The observation by Warburg (1) that the amount of oxygen used by a slice of Flexner-Jobling rat carcinoma was less than that absorbed by such normal tissues as liver or kidney, has opened the way for the further study of the metabolism of tumor and other rapidly growing cells. The immature white blood ceils of myelogenous leucemia resemble somewhat those of the malignant neoplasms in their growth rate and behavior, and response to exposures to Roentgen rays. They serve as excellent material for the study of oxygen consumption because of their availability and the ease with which they can be manipulated in vitro.Patients with leucemia frequently have an elevated basal metabolic rate, particularly when the blood contains many immature cells (Riddle and Sturgis (2)). The possibility of a causal relationship between the rate of oxygen absorption by the patient and the degree of maturation of the blood cells presents a problem toward the solution of which this study of cell respiration in the microspirometer offers some data.The studies reported here include observations on the blood of normal individuals, a patient with a leucocytosis from sepsis, and patients with chronic myelogenous leucemia in various stages of the disease.
Evidence has been presented that the gonads, thyroid, adrenal cortex and pituitary glands have a definite influence on blood formation. The normal sex difference in erythrocyte levels in animals, and probably in man, can be obliterated by castration and restored by appropriate replacement therapy. Hypothyroidism results in a moderately severe anemia in animals. In the uncomplicated form, the anemia is slightly macrocytic and associated with a hypoplastic bone marrow. In clinical experience the anemia may be complicated by the secondary effects of achylia gastrica leading either to iron deficiency or to a deficiency in the antipernicious anemia factor. Hyperthyroidism causes some alterations in the white blood cells, but has little effect on the red blood cell series. Hyperactive states of the adrenal cortex may be associated with a mild polycythemia. Adrenal steroids also have a marked lymphocytic effect, causing the release of beta and gamma globulins from lymphoid tissue. A mechanism involving the anterior pituitary and adrenal seems to exist, controlling the release of antibodies under certain conditions. It is suggested that other mechanisms also exist which control the number of circulating lymphocytes. Deficiency of the anterior pituitary secretions results in anemia in animals and man. The anemia in animals is usually microcytic and hypochromic and may respond to several types of replacement therapy. In man anemia develops slowly and is rarely severe. Moderate reductions in the red blood cell count occur and the color index varies. There is hypoplasia of the bone marrow. The anemia in man does not respond uniformly well to the therapy now available, but improvement often occurs with the replacement of "end-organ" hormones. The preponderance of evidence indicates that the regulation of blood formation is not primarily under hormonal control. The effects noted in various glandular disorders are due to alterations in metabolism produced in the bone marrow as well as all other body tissues.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.