BACKGROUND: Bruxism is defined as an unconscious oral habit of rhythmical, unfunctional clenching, grinding and making chewy sounds with the teeth while making movements that are not part of the masticatory function and that lead to occlusal trauma. AIM: The purpose of this article is to show the habit bruxism, in everyday life, reviewing literature data. METHODS: Data was researched by using information on the internet on Researchgate, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, by analysing written articles and books and student books. From 200 articles that were analysed, 45 articles and two textbooks were involved in writing of this review article. RESULTS: Results derived from the analyzed literature, classify the main consequences of bruxism, from fatigue, pain, wasting of the incisal edges and occlusal surfaces of the teeth to loss of teeth, dental implants, headaches, periodontal lesions and TMD (dysfunctions of the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint (TMJ)) in severe cases. All these problems negatively affect the quality of everyday life of the patient. CONCLUSION: Bruxism as a parafunctional habit is present in everyday life needing a multidisciplinary approach for prevention of the teeth, bone and prosthetic restorations. The prevalence of bruxism is growing related to stress, drugs, changes in lifestyle, bad nutrition and sleep problems. The therapist should follow signs and symptoms to ensure the best treatment plan of the patient.

Introduction: Cephalea from orofacial origin is a diffuse, mild to moderate pain that appears as a bandage around the head. There are many different etiological causes of dental origin that contribute to the appearance of cephalea. Purpose: The purpose of our research is dental treatment of patients with traumatic occlusion, bruxism and loss of occlusal support, which have a pathological condition - cephalea from orofacial origin. Material and methods:For the purposes of this paper, 15 patients with cephalea from orofacial origin were analysed, diagnosed and treated. The control group consisted of 15 patients without etiological factors. A butterfly deprogrammer and a stabilization splint were made depending on the indication. Results and discussion: According to our patient study results, it appears to be a link between inadequately made prosthetic devices, bruxism and loss of occlusal support with cephalea. The therapy should help the patient urgently and continue to relieve the cephalea symptoms from orofacial origin. The results show an improvement in 86.7% of the examinees. Conclusion: The butterfly deprogrammer and stabilization splint are new methods that can contribute along with other therapeutic modalities in improving the quality of life in a patient with cephalea from orofacial origin.

Purpose: Safety is a fundamental principle in patient care as well as a key component of quality management of health services. Improving patient safety requires constant energy, including all individuals who have direct or indirect contact with the patient. This means enhancing the approach towards the patient, modifying the workplace, improving the performance of the staff and redesigning systems with the aim of reducing patient risk. This approach involves almost all disciplines and actors, therefore, a complex approach in identifying the gaps, new policy making and policy implementation strategies by the health service providers and the relevant institutions were investigated for this study. Research method: In this prospective study, two questionnaires were compiled: one was designed to address patients seeking health services at the Emergency Center in Prishtina, whereas the second questionnaire was designed for the Emergency Center staff in order to identify the relationship between employees, management staff and error reporting problems. A nurse and a resident doctor in the Emergency Center who worked in shifts were engaged for this purpose in order to survey patients in different parts of the day for 24 hours. Results: The results of this study show that most of the patients who come to the Emergency Center are transported either by family members or by a bystander. These patients can suffer many unintentional injuries from inadequate and unprofessional transportation. Moreover, multiple visits coming directly from the accident site or from home indicate that there are problems with the referral system from Primary Health Care (PHC) levels. In addition, numerous injuries to the head region indicate a need for treatment by a dentist who is specialized in head and neck medicine. Conclusions: There is a need to reorganize the working hours for the employees of the Emergency Center. Increasing the capacity of the primary health care level would reduce the burden of the Emergency Center from the interventions, which can be easily addressed at lower levels. Ongoing professional training as well as trainings focused on stress management, time pressure control, and the relationship between health care providers would significantly improve the level of patient safety in the Emergency Center.