Bruxism Unconscious Oral Habit in Everyday Life

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Bruxism is defined as an unconscious oral habit of rhythmical, unfunctional clenching, grinding and making chewy sounds with the teeth while making movements that are not part of the masticatory function and that lead to occlusal trauma.
 AIM: The purpose of this article is to show the habit bruxism, in everyday life, reviewing literature data.
 METHODS: Data was researched by using information on the internet on Researchgate, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, by analysing written articles and books and student books. From 200 articles that were analysed, 45 articles and two textbooks were involved in writing of this review article.
 RESULTS: Results derived from the analyzed literature, classify the main consequences of bruxism, from fatigue, pain, wasting of the incisal edges and occlusal surfaces of the teeth to loss of teeth, dental implants, headaches, periodontal lesions and TMD (dysfunctions of the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint (TMJ)) in severe cases. All these problems negatively affect the quality of everyday life of the patient.
 CONCLUSION: Bruxism as a parafunctional habit is present in everyday life needing a multidisciplinary approach for prevention of the teeth, bone and prosthetic restorations. The prevalence of bruxism is growing related to stress, drugs, changes in lifestyle, bad nutrition and sleep problems. The therapist should follow signs and symptoms to ensure the best treatment plan of the patient.

Bruxismo em alunos do 5.º ano do curso de Medicina Dentária: Prevalência e fatores associados

“…São vários os estudos que relacionam distúrbios psicológicos com bruxismo. 4,16,17 Neste estudo pretendeu -se avaliar, para além destes, quais outros fatores estariam associados ao bruxismo descritos na literatura, nomeadamente a toma de antidepressivos, 17 dificuldades em dormir, 18 sensibilidade dentária, 3 e sintomas isolados de DTM, 19 estados emocionais de ansiedade, depressão e stress, 4,16,17 lesões de abfração, 20 e desgaste dentário. 7 57,1% dos indivíduos apresentavam desgaste dos pré--molares, foram considerados BP.…”

“…7 Independentemente de o desgaste dentário ser devido à atrição ou erosão, as forças dos hábitos parafuncionais em superfícies amolecidas pela desmineralização ácida, acentua este desgaste podendo levar a uma hipersensibilidade dentária e à flexão cervical causando lesões de abfração. 3,7,8 Foi criado um sistema de classificação de diagnóstico de bruxómano "possível", "provável" e "definitivo". 6 O primeiro é atribuído com base no autorrelato.…”

Deleterious Oral Habits and Management in Pediatric Patients: A Review

“…Etiologies associated with bruxism are psychosocial factor (emotional stress), pathophysiology factor (illness, trauma, smoking, medication), genetic factor (offspring of people with bruxism have more chances), local factor (faulty restoration, calculus, malocclusion), systemic factor (a nutritional deficiency, intestinal parasite infection). [3][4][5][6] Clinical Feature: Bruxism affects the anatomy, morphology and dental occlusion. It causes mobility of teeth, hypersensitivity, pain in facial muscle,restricted mouth opening, pain in the temporomandibular region (frequent headache), tooth fracture, damage to the dental prosthesis and dental fillings.…”

“…It causes mobility of teeth, hypersensitivity, pain in facial muscle,restricted mouth opening, pain in the temporomandibular region (frequent headache), tooth fracture, damage to the dental prosthesis and dental fillings. [3][4][5][6] Treatment: There is no such accepted treatment available for bruxism as it is not life-threatening hence conservative treatment is recommended. Eliminate the causative factor.…”

“…Medication such as benzodiazepines, beta-blockers, dopamine agents, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, muscle relaxants can be used to treat Bruxism. [3][4][5][6] Digit Sucking: Digit (Thumb, finger) sucking is the most common type of non-nutritive sucking habit. It is defined as positioning of digits at varying depths of the oral cavity.…”