Raw milk collection is a very important process in the dairy supply chain. The quality and safety of the product must be ensured throughout the transport process. In this sense, vehicle routing problems (VRP) are considered an effective tool for decision-making in the procurement process. There are several variants of this problem that are applied according to the context, such as simultaneous pickups and deliveries. This approach is highly applied in reverse logistics and processes that involve loading and unloading products at the same point. In this paper, we develop a vehicle routing model that considers simultaneous pickup and delivery, multi-depot, heterogeneous and capacity fleet for milk collection in the dairy supply chain. Real instances of raw milk collection from the municipality of Galeras, Sucre were used to validate the model. A 6.98% reduction in costs was obtained in the route evaluation.
This study is aimed at evaluating the techno-functional properties of starches from several yam species (Purple yam, Hawthorn yam and Diamante 22-type yam). Analytical procedures were performed according to the methods described by different authors in order to calculate waterabsorption index (WAI), water-solubility index (WSI), swelling power (SP) and syneresis. Likewise, descriptive statistics and experimental designs for interpretation of the results were also performed. The results showed that Hawthorn yam has the highest WAI (15.15 g gel/g sample, at 90°C). While WSI was similar for all species, SP is dependent on the temperature with values of 16.10 g gel/g sample (Purple yam and Hawthorn yam), and 11.25 g gel/g sample at 90°C (Diamante 22-type yam). All yam species underwent progressive reduction in syneresis, which suggests that these types of starches could be used to manufacture foods that require maintaining moisture levels.
Resumen-Esta investigación presenta un modelo para el problema de ruteo de vehículos con restricciones de tiempo, capacidad y flota homogénea (CVRP-HFTC) ajustado a una empresa de la ciudad de Sincelejo; donde se caracterizó la cadena de distribución, permitiendo establecer el número de clientes, tiempos de recorrido y número de rutas actuales necesarias para realizar dicho proceso. Los costos de distribución actuales en los que incurre la empresa por semana laboral son de aproximadamente $162,148.59. En este estudio el modelo CVRP-HFTC fue codificado en el software General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS), obteniendo una solución en tiempos computacionales aceptables; y permitiendo reducir los costos en las operaciones distribución en un 51 % aproximadamente. De esta manera así hallar soluciones cercanas a la solución óptima para el problema en estudio.
Esta investigación se centró en analizar y simular el comportamiento de una línea de espera de un banco, utilizando softwares estadísticos y de simulación como ProModel y StatFit. Los resultados hallados sugieren una modificación del modelo actual (M/M/3) a uno que provea más servidores para distribuir mejor el exceso de carga en los servidores. De esta investigación se concluye que la configuración del sistema debe tener un mínimo de 18 servidores, M/M/18, para tener una mejora sustancial de la calidad del servicio, reduciendo los tiempos de espera de los clientes a un 59.73% en comparación con el 88.8% del modelo actual (M/M/3).
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