Although many ionic metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been reported, little is known about how the charge of the skeleton affects the properties of the MOF materials. Herein we report how the chemical stability of MOFs can be substantially improved through embedding electrostatic interactions in structure. A MOF with a cationic skeleton is impervious to extremely acidic, oxidative, reductive, and high ionic strength conditions, such as 12 m HCl (301 days), aqua regia (86 days), H2O2 (30 days), and seawater (30 days), which is unprecedented for MOFs. DFT calculations suggested that steric hinderance and the repulsive interaction of the cationic framework toward positively charged species in microenvironments protects the vulnerable bonds in the structure. Diverse functionalities can be bestowed by substituting the counterions of the charged framework with identically charged functional species, which broadens the horizon in the design of MOFs adaptable to a demanding environment with specific functionalities.

The effect of temperature and pressure on structure of YBO3:Eu was characterized by Raman scattering and on optical properties was analyzed by luminescent dynamic method.

Herein, we developed a strategy of rational constructing bimetallic metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and at the same time embedding charges on backbones. Based on the Pearson’s hard/soft acid/base (HSAB) principle, soft base (azolate) and hard base (carboxylate) were simultaneously implanted in one building block for MOF construction, which can preferentially coordinate with relative soft acid Cu2+ and hard acid Zr4+ (or Hf4+), respectively. This combination during the self-assembly process not only generates robust coordination bonds but also leaves net charges at the metal clusters, presenting a method for rational design of bimetallic cationic MOFs. The obtained MOF exhibits effective adsorption and release properties selectively toward anionic dye and can also be applied outstandingly on Cr2O7 2– removal.

A facile post-synthetic modification method has been demonstrated here to prepare chiral metal–organic frameworks for enantioseparation.