Objectives:The present study evaluated the changes in serology and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing behaviors over a 10-year period in a center in India.Methods:We used clinical data collected at the antenatal clinic from 2002 to 2011. The key outcomes were: (1) Proportion of women who opted for HIV test and those who tested positive; (2) proportion of male partners who came in for HIV test and those who tested positive; and (3) proportion of women who opted for continuation of pregnancy or for medical termination of pregnancy.Results:We tested 11,452 women for HIV over the 10-year period from 2002 to 2011. The proportion of women who opted for HIV testing was 72.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 70.7–73.4%). The acceptance of test increased from 35.9% (95% CI: 31.7–40.4%) in 2002 to the peak of 82.6% (95% CI: 78.6–86.8%) in 2009 (P < 0.001). The overall HIV prevalence over the decade was 0.70% (95% CI: 0.55–0.87%). The prevalence high at 1.11% (95% CI: 0.23–3.24%) in 2002 and reduced to 0.37% (95% CI: 0.12–0.87%) in 2011 (P < 0.001). Only 0.57% of male partners tested for HIV over this time period.Conclusion:Strategies to improve acceptance of testing in pregnant women should be included in the Indian guidelines. The male partners do not get tested. Thus, this component needs to be strengthened - by targeted interventions for male spouses - to make the program more effective.
Objectives:To study the role of transplacental transmission and environmental factors in neonatal sepsis (0-3) days and incidence of early neonatal sepsis in obstetrics and gynecology wards of MGM Medical College Hospital.
Materials and methods:The study was carried out on 100 full term women and their babies who delivered in MGM hospital. Their cord blood cultures were done. The nasal carrier state for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in all the health professionals working in labor room was also studied.Results: S. aureus was the most common organism grown in cord cultures of woman who delivered vaginally. None of the babies followed in wards showed any Sign of sepsis in first 72 hours. More than 50% of health professionals working in labor room were carriers of S. aureus.
Conclusion:S. aureus is having environmental source and it causes late neonatal sepsis so none of the babies developed any Sign of sepsis in first 72 hours of life. Other organisms isolated probably responded to intrapartum antibiotics or maternal immunity played its role and so babies did not showed any s/o sepsis in first 3 days.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.