This paper brie ‡y presents new empirical tests of the convergence hypothesis based on panel data. We apply a modi…ed Evans and Karras (1996) testing procedure to three samples (Europe, OECD and World).We propose a nested tests procedure to characterize various convergence processes : absolute or conditional, with or without a common speed of convergence.In the conditional convergence context, we are particularly concerned with the information included in individual e¤ects.We …nd evidence supporting the existence of an absolute and common convergence process for per capita GDP in the European Union sample . As concerns the OECD sample, structural disparities imply only a conditional convergence process occurring at country-speci…c speeds. For our World sample (86 countries) there is no convergence process at all.For OECD countries, a …rst study of …xed e¤ects is proposed. It shows that only the private and public investment ratios are signi…cantly linked to those unobservable structural disparities. ² Mots clés : Convergence, Tests de racine unitaire, Panel.
The quantification of tectonic and eustatic factors in the control of the sedimentary record is one of the main questions in sedimentary basin dynamics. We propose two methods allowing: (i) 3D measurement of accommodation at basin scale and (ii) to decipher between local (10–100 km wavelength) and basin‐scale accommodation. The local signal is necessarily of tectonic origin, the basin‐scale signal is of both eustatic and large tectonic origin. The measurement of accommodation requires (a) high‐resolution time‐lines calibrated in ages (sequence stratigraphy on well‐logs and biostratigraphy on cores), (b) decompacted lithologies (well‐logs), and (c) palaeodepth/palaeoaltitude (sedimentology and well‐logs). Application of these methods to the intracratonic Paris basin during the Lias (early Jurassic) suggests a tectonic origin for the 1–5 Myr stratigraphic cycles, with basin‐scale flexure during transgressive half‐cycles, and 10–100 km uplift of basement units, during regressive half‐cycles.
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