Objective: Egg white protein (ovalbumin) is well known to be freshly consumed in Indonesia as traditional medicine, or it is usually known as "Jamu." Ovalbumin, as well as egg white albumin, is able to form complex compounds with other substances through the formation of weak chemical and physical bonds. The objective of this study is to understand the behavior of ovalbumin as radical scavenger when it binds to antioxidants such as aspirin and caffeine (as a complex). Methods:In this study, docking sites and ovalbumin as scavenger were studied using computer-modeling software. An ovalbumin was used only for computer modeling, whereas in the wet laboratory, the freeze-drying albumin was used for electron spin resonance (ESR) and Fourier transforminfrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to determine its ability as a scavenger and functional groups, respectively. Albumin solution was applied to measure the viscosity. Results:The variability of tridimensional structures of aspirin was investigated after binding with ovalbumin. However, these structures cannot be seen clearly on caffeine. The root-mean-square deviation analysis showed that aspirin, as well as caffeine, altered the dynamic conformation of ovalbumin. The complex of aspirin-ovalbumin-caffeine which was treated at a temperature of −70°C showed intermolecular force. ESR results showed that the complex compounds could effectively reduce more free radicals when compared to aspirin or caffeine. The existence of aromatic compounds (as confirmed by FTIR) was useful for the scavenger molecules and chemical interaction occurs. The viscosity of the complex was similar with normal gastric mucus, which associated with radical scavenger. Conclusion:The characters of albumin when it binds to aspirin and caffeine indicated that scavenging activity of the complex and the viscosity showed an important result to be physiological scavengers of free radicals.
Causes of degenerative diseases are caused by activities and unhealthy lifestyle. unhealthy lifestyle which in turn triggers free radicals. free radicals are moleculs that are not oxidized which cause the formation of new molecules that can damage body cells. free radicals can be overcome by giving natural antioxidants, one of which is form the olive plant (Olea europaea L.).The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of temperature treatment on antioxidant activity in olive leaves based on leaf age by calculating the IC50 value. The method used in this research is the DPPH method. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the temperature of 31.6°c in young leaves according to calculations is categorized as a strong antioxidant because it provides a calculated value of 82.778 ppm and 165.093 ppm on old leaves and classified as moderate antioxidants, while temperature of 44°c give dominant level under 31.6°c with IC50 values 123.78 ppm for young leaves and 165.170 ppm for old leaves and classified as moderate antioxidants according to the theory that compounds that have very strong antioxidant activity values IC50 values are less than 50 ppm, strong if the IC50 are between 50 and 100, moderate antioxidant if the IC50 values are feasible 100-250 ppm, weak if the IC50 value is 250-500 ppm and inactive if the IC50 value is more than 500 ppm. and vice versa related to the selection of leaf age also affects the level of antioxidant activity seen from the comparison of results from the two treatments that young leaves have a higher level of antioxidant activity than old leaves in counteracting free radicals.Keywords : Temperature, Antioxidant, Olive (Olea europaea L.), DPPH.ABSTRAKPenyebab penyakit degeneratif disebabkan karena aktivitas dan pola hidup yang kurang sehat. Pola hidup kurang sehat yang pada akhirnya memicu radikal bebas. Radikal bebas adalah molekul yang tidak teroksidasi yang menyebabkan terbentuk molekul baru yang dapat merusak sel tubuh. Radikal bebas dapat diatasi dengan pemberian antioksidan salah satunya dari tumbuhan zaitun (Olea europaea L.). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan suhu terhadap aktivitas antioksidan pada daun zaitun berdasarkan umur daun melalui perhitungan nilai IC50. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode DPPH. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan suhu 31.6°C pada daun muda menurut perhitungan IC50 dikategorikan sebagai antioksidan kuat karena memberikan nilai hasil perhitungan IC50 sebesar 82.778 ppm dan 165.093 ppm pada daun tua dan tergolong antioksidan sedang, sementara pada perlakuan suhu 44°C memberikan pengaruh lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan suhu 31.6°C dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 123.78 ppm untuk daun muda dan 165.170 ppm untuk daun tua dan tergolong antioksidan sedang sesuai teori bahwa senyawa yang memiliki nilai aktivitas antioksidan sangat kuat jika nilai IC50 kurang dari 50 ppm, kuat apabila nilai IC50 bernilai antara 50 sampai 100, antioksidan sedang apabila jika nilai IC50 bernilai 100-250 ppm, lemah jika nilai IC50 bernilai 250-500 ppm dan tidak aktif jika nilai IC50 bernilai lebih dari 500 ppm, begitupun sebaliknya terkait pemilihan umur daun juga berpengaruh terhadap tinggi rendahnya aktivitas antioksidan dilihat dari perbandingan hasil dari kedua perlakuan bahwa daun muda memiliki tingkat aktivitas antioksidan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan daun tua dalam menangkal radikal bebas.Kata Kunci : Suhu, Antioksidan, Zaitun (Olea europaea L.), DPPH.
Moringa oleifera Lamk. is a good source of natural antioxidants because it contains various types of antioxidant compounds such as ascorbic acid, flavonoids, phenolics, and carotenoids. Those antioxidant components forming complex structure have transitional metal as central compound, which have free radical scavenging activity. This study aims to determine the active compounds that act as scavenger in leaves and seeds of M. oleifera. The possible compound found in leaves-seeds is elaborated by in silico analysis, using Dr. Dukes Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases, by mean Pass online, and HitPick software. The results of in silico analysis 3 compounds identified in the leaves that had a high antioxidant role, namely beta-carotene, kaempferol, quercetin, and 2 compounds in seeds that had a high antioxidant role, namely alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene. The results of this study indicate that the antioxidant activity of the 3 treatments had differences effectiveness of antioxidants. All of these antioxidants has ability to bind transitional metal to form free radical scavenger.
Kompatibilitas suatu persilangan ditandai dengan terbentuknya buah. Kompatibilitas suatu persilangan interspesies atau persilangan antara spesies anggrek yang berbeda digunakan untuk meningkatkan keragaman. Untuk membandingkan dan mengetahui daya kompatibilitas perlu dilakukan persilangan secara bolak-balik (resiprok). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kompatibel persilangan interspesies dan resiprok anggrek Dendrobium dan mengamati pertumbuhan buah hasil persilangan. Prosedur penelitian yaitu menyilangkan pollen pada satu spesies bunga anggrek ke stigma spesies anggrek lain, kemudian variabel yang diamati adalah saat terbentuknya buah (hari setelah penyerbukan/hsp), hari layu sepal dan petal (hsp), panjang dan diameter buah (cm) selama dua bulan pengamatan, kompatibilitas persilangan, dan buah/bunga rontok. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui hari layu sepal dan petal sangat bervariasi dari 10-22 hari. Terbentuknya buah dari hari ke-7-16. Hari terbentuknya buah sangat bervariasi tergantung pada spesies yang disilangkan. Bentuk buah ditentukan oleh indukan betina, sedangkan ukuran buah bergantung pada nutrisi yang terdapat pada tanaman. Kompatibilitas persilangan ini adalah 75% dan dapat dikatakan bahwa indukan yang digunakan kompatibel. Kata kunci: Persilangan, Interspesies, Resiprok, Dendrobium, Kompatibilitas.
Natural antioxidants are less likely to cause side effects than synthetic antioxidants. As free radical scavengers, natural complex compounds can be used as antioxidant sources. The bidara plant, for example, has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties and has potential as a free radical scavenger (Zizipus mauritiana). The goal of this study was to identify antioxidants and their roles in complexes formed in bidara plants to scavenge free radicals. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used in the antioxidant assay, and its physical properties were determined using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM)-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). According to DPPH analysis, the 2.7 M concentration leaf-bark had the highest inhibition activity, accounting for 43.794%, indicating an effective scavenging activity. Bidara contains elements, some of which are metals like sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca), according to FESEM-EDS analysis. The bidara plant is a powerful antioxidant and free radical scavenger. In terms of capturing free radicals, complex compounds differ from single compounds. Several elements found in Bidara plants are required for scavenging and life processes.
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