[Purpose] Device based therapy for low back pain (LBP) involves quantitative assessment
of muscle strength, resistance and lumbar motion and tailoring the rehabilitation protocol
based on this objective assessment. The purpose of this study was to determine the
effectiveness of device based therapy for LBP. [Subjects and Methods] In this
retrospective study, clinical data of 235 patients who underwent device-based
physiotherapy for low back pain was reviewed. Pre and post-treatment outcome measures for
pain (visual analogue scale or VAS score), disability (Oswestry disability index) and
functional ability were compared to determine effectiveness of device-based physiotherapy
at the end of 6 weeks of treatment. [Results] All outcome measures including VAS Score and
mean Oswestry Disability Score showed significant improvement at the end of 6 weeks of
device-based physical therapy. Before treatment, 73% of patients had moderate to severe
disability which reduced to 28% after treatment. [Conclusion] Device-based therapy is
effective in relieving pain, improving function and reducing disability in patients with
low back pain in the short term. Device-based therapy may help to objectively evaluate the
function of the spine and paraspinal muscles and help the therapist tailor treatment
accordingly.
Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of thyroid gland is a powerful diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules. The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) classifies thyroid FNAC findings into six categories. It is a standardized, simple, and convenient method of reporting which also provides guidelines for management.Aims and Objectives: To study the cytomorphology of thyroid lesions and classify them as per TBSRTC. Determine the epidemiology and distribution of various thyroid lesions in our tertiary care hospital. Correlation of cytopathology with histopathological diagnosis in cases which were operated in our hospital.Methods and Material: This is a prospective analytical study of 105 patients with clinically enlarged thyroid gland presenting at G.K. General Hospital, Bhuj during July 2018 to August 2020. FNAC smears of these patients were studied and correlated with histopathology wherever available.Results: Out of a total 105 cases, 94 were non-neoplastic, eight were neoplastic, and three were unsatisfactory for evaluation. There were 94 cases in the benign category (category II), with colloid goiter being the most common cytological diagnosis (38 cases). There were no cases in categories III and V, respectively. On cytology, two cases in category IV were diagnosed as follicular neoplasm. Category VI had six cases comprising papillary carcinoma of thyroid (five cases) and medullary carcinoma of thyroid (one case). Out of a total 105 cases, 55 patients were operated in our center and hence their cytopathological findings were correlated with histopathological findings. Out of 55 operated cases, 45 cases (81.8%) had benign lesion and 10 cases (18.2%) were malignant. The sensitivity of FNAC was 70% and specificity was 100%.Conclusions: Thyroid cytology proves to be a reliable, simple, and cost-effective first-line diagnostic procedure with high patient acceptance and with rare, usually easily treated and not life-threatening complications. The Bethesda system is very useful for a standardized and reproducible system of reporting thyroid FNAC. It satisfactorily correlates with the histopathological diagnosis and helps in comparing results amongst various institutes.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.